GEO 358 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Bandiagara Escarpment, Niger River, Animism
The Sahel
1. Sahel region
a. 10 countries
i. Cape Verde Islands
ii. Mauritania
iii. Senegal
iv. Gambia
v. Mali
vi. Burkina Faso
vii. Niger
viii. Chad
ix. Sudan
x. South Sudan
b. Mostly former French colonies
2. Landscapes of the Sahel
a. Mostly flat
i. Niger River
1. Inland delta in Mali
a. Rice farming
b. Mountains
i. Volcanic peaks
ii. Bandiagara Escarpment (Mali)
1. Dogon tribe
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a. Cliff dwellings
b. Animist
3. Environment of the Sahel
a. “Sahel”= shore
i. Southern edge of the Sahara
b. Semi-desert
i. Between savanna and desert
c. Grass and small trees
d. Climate
i. Summer-brief rainy season
ii. Winter-dry with cool nights
1. Harmattan winds- dusty skies
e. Desertification of the Sahel
i. Expansion of the Sahara
ii. Semi-desert becomes desert
iii. Due to
1. Drought
2. Overgrazing
iv. Human contributions
1. UN plan, 1970’s
a. Dig deep wells
b. Nomads became sedentary
c. Wells= magnets for people and livestock
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