IPHY 3410 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Urethral Sphincters, Cellophane, Kidney Stone Disease
3 May 2017
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Outline: major components, kidneys (2, ureters (2, urinary bladder, urethra. Kidney: functions: produce urine (excrete toxins, structures (the kidney is retroperitoneal located behind the parietal peritoneum) Fibrous capsule tough outer capsule made of collagen fibers (dense irregular ct) Renal medulla: inner tissue layer of kidney, split into regions called renal pyramids. Renal pelvis drains all the major calyces. Ureter drains the renal pelvis: uriniferous tubules, nephron, nephron: ~1million urinferous tubles (produce urine, collecting tubule: drain multiple nephrons and help to concentrate urine, functions: filtration, reabsorption and secretion. Processes that occur within a nephron that are involved in producing urine: Filtration movement of fluids/wastes from blood capillaries into nephron. Any particles small enough to move through non-specific. Resorption nutrients, water, ions recovered by body; they move from nephron back into capillaries. Secretion additional molecules actively and selectively moved from capillaries into the nephron. Cortical nephrons very short loop of henle (almost entirely in cortex: majority of nephrons in our kidneys.
