BIO 203 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Inulin, Renal Function, Skeletal Muscle
10 Aug 2016
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In the first step, which is the direct active transport, the proximal tubule cell uses atp to maintain the low intracellular [na] In the second step, the na gradient is then used to concentrate a dicarboxylate inside tubule cell, using a na dicarboxylate cotransporter, called nadc. Dicarboxylates are anion form of dicarboxylic acids, which have 2 cooh groups. [dicarboxylate] inside tubule cell drives the third step of organic anion secretion. Oat is an indirect active transporter that uses dicarboxylate moving out of the cell down its [] gradient to move anion against its gradient into the cell. Most citric cycle intermediates (such as -ketoglutarate/ kg) are dicarboxylates. In final step, once anion is concentrated inside the tubule cell, it can use facilitated diffusion to enter lumen. Finding molecules that could compete with penicillin for organic anion transporter responsible for secretion; causing oat carrier bind preferentially to competitor and secrete it and leaving penicillin in blood.
