BIOSC-116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Natural Selection, Pea, Heredity

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turquoiseturtle299

11 Sep 2020

School

Diablo Valley College

Department

Biological Science

Course

BIOSC-116

Professor

fox

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Document Summary

Explain how darwin/wallace"s theory of evolution by natural selection and isolation accounts for divergent evolution and convergent evolution. Factors of their theory environmental pressures, variation, strongest survive and pass on traits to offspring. Natural selection the species that is best suited to survive in their environment, become the favourable variation. As they are able to reproduce more and pass on the favourable traits that are better for survival in that environment (survival of the fittest). Isolation for a new species to evolve, groups of organisms need to become isolated from each other. Natural selection then works differently due to difference in selective pressures from the two different environments. Divergent one species radiates out into different environments and as a result produces organisms that look different from each other due to the different environmental pressures of that environment. 14 different species were described all with similarities (greyish/brown feathers, courtship rituals and calls) and differences (habitats, size and diet).

Related Questions

Describe the theory of natural selection Which of thefollowing BEST describes the theory of natural selection? CHOOSEONE

	1 The genetic make-up of apopulation gradually changes from one generation to the next.
	2 Living organisms change overtime.
	3 Each species produces many moreoffspring than can survive long enough to reproduce. The offspringthat do survive contain genes that are inherited from theparents.
	4 There is variation among themembers of a species. Some of this variation is geneticallydetermined and so can be passed on to future generations.
	5 Some individuals have genes thatincrease their chances for survival and reproduction. Theseindividuals are more likely to reproduce and pass on their genes,causing their genes to become more common in the nextgeneration.
	6 There is a struggle for existenceamong the members of a population.

amberleopard326

Which statement about evolution by natural selection isfalse?

Natural selection allows organisms with higher fitness toreproduce more successfully.

Natural selection favors those traits that confer higherfitness in the environment.

Natural selection is a random change in characteristics of apopulation over generations.

Evolution by natural selection affects populations oforganisms, not individual organisms.

An organism's fitness depends on its _____.

ability to survive and reproduce

ability to swap genetic material with other organisms

physical size

ability to mutate

population

Consider the heavily armored stickleback fish population thatcolonized the lake. If all the individuals in that population weregenetically identical, what do you predict would happen when theycolonized the freshwater lake?

The population would increase, as it has increased foodresources.

The population would evolve through natural selection to bebetter adapted to its environment.

The population would decrease due to more juvenile fish beingeaten.

No answer text provided.

Which of the following are adaptations?

Thicker beaks on finches that allows them to eat large seeds,when large seeds are the most abundant.

Less armor on stickleback fish in freshwater that allows themto grow faster to avoid predation.

More armor on stickleback fish in the ocean that prevents themfrom being eaten by larger predators.

None of the above.

All of the above.

olivemink746

1/ What is the difference between the different patterns ofselection: directional, stabilizing, anddiversifying?

2/ How do bacteria acquire genetic variation and how does thatdiffer from the mechanism by which humans acquire variation?

3/ What were the key observations made by Darwin to develop thebasic tenants of the theory of evolution? Has thistheory been tested?

4/ What are the most common misconceptionsabout evolution and why are they not valid arguments againstevolution?

5/ The key component of the theory of evolution isnatural selection. Define this process. Why is itcommonly known as âsurvival of the fittestâ? What are examples offactors (selective pressures) that drive evolutionof populations?

6/ What is the indirect evidence of evolution? What arehomologous and analogousstructures? What is convergent evolution?How does similarity of proteins between different species supportthe idea of evolution?

7/ Be able to explain why the following statement is true:Natural Selection works on individuals while evolution works onpopulations over generations. Or to put it another way: Individualsdo not evolve, populations do.

8/ How can evolution explain theformation of complex structures such as the eye or the flagellamotor?

9/ What causes variation in a species? To putthis another way: all humans have the same genes, yet we do notlook alike. What is the reason for the phenotypicdifferences between individuals of the same species? What isgenetic recombination?

10/ What are the dangers of small populations of a species froma genetic and evolutionary standpoint? What is thebottleneck effect?

11. How does speciation occur? What is theimportance of geographic isolation? How is thisillustrated in the Galapagos?

12. What is Darwinian Medicine and how does ithelp us better understand medical conditions?

copperhornet769

BIOSC-116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Natural Selection, Pea, Heredity

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