PHILOS 8 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Propositional Calculus, Inductive Reasoning, Logical Connective
Document Summary
Deductive argument: the premises give logical support for the conclusion. Inductive argument: the premises give probable support for the conclusion. Validity: a matter of having a right logical structure, we don"t have to know about the truthfulness of the premise. Make an inference about the author"s intention to determine whether it"s inductive or deductive. Enthymeme: an argument that has an important implicit premise or an implicit conclusion, an argument that has information that we already know or implied, contain a suppressed premise: example: the economy is doing well under trump"s leadership. Therefore, things are going well under trump"s leadership: example: if you are a student, then you should study. Therefore, prostitution should be illegal: all deeply immoral things should be immoral, most deeply immoral things should be illegal. A simple statement: one that does not have any other statements or logical operator as a component.
