PSYCH 13 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Psych
Document Summary
Positivity/negativity bias: baseline expectation is for people to display positive & socially desirable behaviour. Thus in the absence of information, we have a positivity bias about a person. But if negative information is available, it is overemphasised as important. Implicit personality theories: assumptions based on own perceptions, about which personality characteristics are associated with which others. Based on personal experiences & are quite enduring. Classify people according to stereotype frameworks (perceived common qualities for certain groups) Tend to promote self-fulfilling prophecy (purposefully seek out & find info that are consistent with prototypical perception) Enduring & slow to change, despite disconfirming info. Social norms influence categories & typologies: e. g. negative stereotypes about gay people in the past. Stereotypes become stronger & more negative in times of conflict (ww2) Illusory correlation effect: overestimate likelihood of negative qualities for minorities (minority stereotypes = less positive than majority stereotypes) Negative qualities are also more visible than positive qualities.
