PSYC 210 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Mania, Memory Span, Pleiotropy
19 May 2018
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PSYCH 210 – Adult Abnormal Psychology
Lecture 23
Final Review Session
Aberrant Salience Model
- Serves as an inflammation to the brain that something important has happened → referred
to something salient
- Change in phasic activity, brain takes in a ton of information, most of it is not all that
interesting (everything is same), one type of signal is useful for what to attend to
- That is the role of phasic dopamine neurons
- When is it early on in monkeys, if rewards are not expected, there is a phasic burst
- Seeing triangles is what is salient because juice is right after. If it’s always two blue
squares that leads to a triangle, then dopamine burst shifts even further.
- Once it is predictable it is not salient anymore, what is surprising is salient
- Aberrant Salience Hypothesis I: Excessive DA leads to inappropriate assignment of
importance, resulting in delusions cognitive effort
Pleiotropy – single genetic variant having multiple downstream or consequences
Complementary couples
- Folie-e-deux: couple develops a co-dependent delusion
Pathology of Alzheimer’s is the accumulation of plaques and protein tangles that cause wide
variety of inflammatory response in the nervous system leading to neuronal and astrocytic cell
death. Accumulate in particular areas:
- Occur in regions of a network of the default-mode-network/resting state network
Working memory tasks like N-back test your ability to hold information online
Digit Span – usually its 7-12
Key thing in comparing FTD and Alzheimer’s is evidence of poor executive functioning vs.
long-term memory loss
Alzheimer patients do worse on working memory task
ADHD
Yes, when something is engaging enough – they do have enough DA to pay attention to, but not
nearly enough things in the world is meeting that thresholds, that’s why artificial boost needed
Differentiating between Bipolar 1 and 2
Bipolar 1 – full manic episode
Bipolar 2 – hypomanic episode
Really is the main difference between two
Inflammation in Depression – his fav topic
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Serves as an inflammation to the brain that something important has happened referred to something salient. Change in phasic activity, brain takes in a ton of information, most of it is not all that interesting (everything is same), one type of signal is useful for what to attend to. That is the role of phasic dopamine neurons. When is it early on in monkeys, if rewards are not expected, there is a phasic burst. Seeing triangles is what is salient because juice is right after. If it"s always two blue squares that leads to a triangle, then dopamine burst shifts even further. Once it is predictable it is not salient anymore, what is surprising is salient. Aberrant salience hypothesis i: excessive da leads to inappropriate assignment of importance, resulting in delusions cognitive effort. Pleiotropy single genetic variant having multiple downstream or consequences.
