AVT 263 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Operating Empty Weight, Aircraft Gross Weight, Parasitic Drag
Four types of friction
1. Sliding or kinetic - object surface slides against another
2. Fluid - resistance on an object when moved through either air(gas) or water(liquid)
3. Rolling - same as slides but rolling across a surface
4. Static - what keeps an object at rest when acted upon by an external force
Newtons 2nd law of motion
when a body is acted upon by a constant force, the resulting acceleration is proportional to the mass of
the body
Newtons 3rd law of motion
if two objects interact, the force exerted by the first object on the second is equal in magnitude and
opposite in direction
Bernoulli's principle
Manufactures empty weight (MEW)
total weight of the aircraft as built.
Operating empty weight (OEW)
MEW plus the crew, fluids and unusable fluid, equipment
All-up weight (AUW) or aircraft gross weight (AGW)
total aircraft weight at any given moment
Max landing weigh (MLW)
weight limit for landing. exceeding can stress the landing gear
Max zero fuel weight (MZFW)
permissible weight of an aircraft with contents and unusable fuel
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Max takeoff weight (MTOW)
weight limit for takeoff. exceeding increases power required, lengthens distance for lift off, place extra
stress on structure
Max ramp weight (MRW)
weight limit for aircraft on taxi or being towed on ground
Flight Envelope
speed, altitude, angle of attack required to maintain stable flight
Angle of attack
angle between the direction of the airflow against the wing and the chord
Chord line
line from leading edge to trailing edge of the wing
ailerons
midpoint of trailing edge to the wing tip
keep roll in check along the longitudinal axis
flaps
from fuselage to midpoint of wing
parasite drag
any "parasite" on the structure of the aircraft
profile drag
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produced by the shape of the aircraft
induced drag
increase in AOA. air flowing over wing rapidly meets air flowing slowly underneath
three axes
longitudinal
lateral
vertical
airplane axes
pressure altimeter
29.92. cockpit automatically calibrated to
truss structured
welded steel-tubing longerons separated by diagonal members to endure the loads placed upon the
aircraft
monocoque structure
consists of a thin sheet-aluminum alloy curved to fit the shell of the fuselage. designed to withstand the
stress of loads and minimize the total weight of the aircraft
biplane
two level of wings
dihedral and anthedral wing
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Document Summary
Newtons 2nd law of motion when a body is acted upon by a constant force, the resulting acceleration is proportional to the mass of the body. Newtons 3rd law of motion if two objects interact, the force exerted by the first object on the second is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. Manufactures empty weight (mew) total weight of the aircraft as built. Mew plus the crew, fluids and unusable fluid, equipment. All-up weight (auw) or aircraft gross weight (agw) total aircraft weight at any given moment. Max landing weigh (mlw) weight limit for landing. exceeding can stress the landing gear. Max zero fuel weight (mzfw) permissible weight of an aircraft with contents and unusable fuel. Max takeoff weight (mtow) weight limit for takeoff. exceeding increases power required, lengthens distance for lift off, place extra stress on structure. Max ramp weight (mrw) weight limit for aircraft on taxi or being towed on ground.
