IS 379 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, Fair Credit Reporting Act, Electronic Communications Privacy Act
Bill of Rights
Ten amendments to the Constitution to protect privacy of individuals
Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)
Requires any Web site that caters to children to offer comprehensive privacy policies, notify
parents/guardians about its data collection practices, and receive parental consent before collecting any
personal information from children under 13.
Cookie
Text file that can be downloaded to the hard drives of users who visit a Web site, so that the Web site is
able to identify visitors on subsequent visits (consumer profiling)
Communications Act of 1934
Regulates all non-federal government use of radio and TV broadcasting and all interstate
telecommunications as well as all international communications that originate/terminate in the US. Also
restricts government's ability to secretly intercept communication
Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (CALEA)
Requires telecommunications industry to build tools into its products that federal investigators can use
(after obtaining a court order) to eavesdrop and intercept electronic communications
Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA)
1. Protection of communications while in transfer from sender to receiver
2. Protection of communications held in electronic storage
3. Prohibition of devices from recording dialing, routing, addressing, and signaling information without a
search warrant
Electronic discovery (e-discovery)
Collection, preparation, review, and production of electronically stored information for use in criminal
and civil actions and proceedings
Electronically stored information (ESI)
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Any form of digital information (i.e. emails, drawings, graphs, etc.) Includes hard drives, CDs, and flash
drives
European Data Protection Regulation
Enforces a single set of rules for data processing across the EU, eliminating need for costly
administrative processes
European Union Data Protection Directive
Law that requires any company doing business within the borders of the EU to implement a set of
privacy directives on the fair and appropriate use of information. Protects data transferred to non-EU
countries
Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act
Allows consumers to request and obtain a free credit report once each year from each for the three
primary consumer credit reporting companies--Equifax, Experian, TransUnion
Fair Credit Reporting Act
Regulates the operations of credit-reporting bureaus, including how they collect, store, and use credit
information
Fair information practices
Set of guidelines that govern the collection and use of personal data
Family Education Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)
Assigns certain rights to parents regarding children's educational records; rights transfer to student once
the student reaches the age of 18 or after high school
Foreign intelligence
Information relating to the capabilities, intentions, or activities of foreign governments or agents of
foreign governments or foreign organizations
Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA)
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Law that describes procedures for the electronic surveillance and collection of foreign intelligence
information in communications between foreign powers and the agents of foreign powers
Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Amendments Act
Granted the NSA to collect, without court-approved warrants, international communications as they
flow through US telecom network equipment and facilities
Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Court
Meets in secret to hear applications for orders approving electronic surveillance anywhere within the US
Fourth Amendment
Right of people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches
and seizures, shall not be violated.
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)
Grants citizens right to access certain information and records of federal, state, and local governments
upon request
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA)
Bank deregulation law that enabled financial entities to merge
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Improves portability and continuity of health insurance coverage; reduce fraud, waste, and abuse in
health insurance and healthcare delivery; and simplify the administration of health insurance
Information privacy
Combination of communications privacy and data privacy
Communications privacy
Ability to communicate with others without those communications being monitored by other persons or
organizations
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