BSC 1010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Exocytosis, Pinocytosis, Optical Instrument

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21 Nov 2017

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Diffusion tendency of molecules of any substance to spread out in the available space. Down concentration gradient, from high to low concentration. Driven by the intrinsic kinetic energy of molecules. Dynamic equilibrium result of diffusion where there is continuous movement of particles but no overall change in concentration. Concentration gradient substance will diffuse from where it is more concentrated to where it is less concentration, difference in concentration. Hypertonic (of a solution) having a higher osmotic pressure than a comparison solution. Hypotonic (of a solution) having a lower osmotic pressure than a comparison solution. Isotonic (used of solutions) having the same or equal osmotic pressure. Osmoregulation the control of the gain and loss of water and dissolved solutes in an organism. Turgid when a cell is firm, healthy state for plants. plans need hypotonic environments so they can become turgid and stand up right. isotonic=flaccid.

Related Questions

1. predict the direction of water movement based on differences in solute concentrations. Use the terms osmotic pressure, hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic
2. Why do membranes have to be selectively permeable?

3. What determines whether a particular substance can diffuse (simple or facilitated) through a membrane?

4. What mechanisms drive molecules across membranes? Use the terms concentration gradient, (facilitated) diffusion and active transport.
5. Which parts of the plasma membrane proteins do you expect to be hydrophobic or hydrophilic? Justify your answer.
concise and short answers pls

The option to feel out every sentense are: cell wall, increasing, chloroplasts, hypotonic, hypertonic, cytokinesis, plasmolysis, and decreasing

In an isotonic solution in animal cells, there is no net movement of water.

An animal cell in a ____________ solution may lyse or burst open.

An animal cell in a ____________ solution will shrivel up or crenate.

Plant cells react differently to osmotic changes due to the presence of the ____________ , a structure that animal cells lack.

For a plant cell in a ____________ solution, vacuoles fill with water, ____________ turgor pressure.

For a plant cell in a ____________ solution, the cytoplasm shrinks causing ____________ and ____________ turgor pressure.

------------------

The opcions to fell our the following sentenses are: mitochondria, chloroplasts, ATP, passive, against, carrier, small, receptor, large, with, and active

In contrast to ____________ transport, ____________ transport requires energy for molecules to pass through cell membranes.

This might occur when molecules need to move ____________ a concentration gradient, as is the case of thyroid cells where iodine collects in ____________ concentrations.

This type of transport requires both chemical energy in the form of ____________ and ____________ proteins.

Cells involved in this type of transport often have high numbers of ____________ in order to facilitate this process.

Cell Membranes Lab Report

Diffusion

Compare the following terms: solvent, solute, andsolution.

Go to Lab, Section I, Exercise 1 to explore the factorsinfluencing the rate of diffusion and complete the following:

Predict how molecular mass and temperature may affect theoutcome of this experiment.

Record the data from information in the Lab in the tablebelow.

Time (min)	Diameter (mm)
Time (min)	5Â°C MB	5Â°C PP	23Â°CMB	23Â°C PP
0
15
30
45

Construct a line graph of the data from the table above. Yourgraph should include labeled axes, units, and a legend indicatingwhich treatment is presented. Sign, date and prepare an image ofyour graph and include it with this lab report.

Osmosis

Go to Lab, Section II, Exercise 2 to view a demonstration ofosmosis and answer the following questions:

Describe the net movement of water in osmometer 1.

How is the movement of water molecules related to theconcentration gradient of the solution?

Go to Lab, Section II, Exercise 3 to observe the effect ofsolute concentration on the rate of osmosis. Answer the followingquestions:

Was the net movement of water in bags 1 to 4 into or out of thebags?

Explain the results from bags 4 and 5.

Selective Permeability of Membranes

Go to Lab, Section III, Exercise 4 to learn about theimportance of selectively permeable membranes, then complete thetable and answer the following questions:

	Contents of Beaker
	0 Min	30 Min
Starch
Chloride ion

Which substances diffused through the dialysis membrane?

How does dialysis tubing model the selective permeability of aplasma membrane?

Tonicity

Go to Lab, Section IV, Exercise 5 and 6 to observe plasmolysisin Elodea cells and tonicity in red blood cells. Summarizethe concept of tonicity using blood and Elodea cells asexamples. Your description should incorporate these terms: turgid,plasmolysis, hemolysis, and crenation.

Cells	Isotonic Solution	Hypertonic Solution	Hypotonic Solution
Elodea
RBC

Based on your previous work, reproduce the table below and drawan illustration of a single cell in each box. Include arrows toshow the direction of water flow relative to each cell and dots tosymbolize solutes. Sign, date and prepare an image of your drawingand include it with this lab report.

Cells	Isotonic Solution	Hypertonic Solution	Hypotonic Solution
Elodea
RBC

Summary Questions

Compare diffusion and osmosis. Give an example of each.

2. In which direction will osmosisoccur if a 15% sugar solution is separated from a 25% sugarsolution by a selectively permeable membrane?

3. Why did osmosis, but not diffusionof sucrose molecules, occur across the dialysis membrane containing20% sucrose solution?

4. You are having a party and thecelery is limp. What might you do to make the celery crisp (turgid)again? What will occur in the cells?

5. A small amount of fertilizer(mineral salts) will stimulate plant growth, but over fertilizationcan kill plants? Why?

6. Michael adds sugar to his coffee.Explain what in this drink is the solvent, solute, and solution.

7. You add a cube of sugar to yourdrink. How could you speed up the diffusion of sugar moleculeswithout stirring?

8. How is dynamic equilibriumestablished within a solution?

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BSC 1010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Exocytosis, Pinocytosis, Optical Instrument

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