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CHM 3411L Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Chemical Bond, Scalar Multiplication, Covalent Bond

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olivecattle778
21 Mar 2018
School
FIU
Department
Chemistry
Course
CHM 3411L
Professor
Karen Cholks

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Document Summary

True or false; energy in a 2s orbital is higher than energy of a 1s orbital. What is the orbital state of li and be? (3) li: 1s 2s (4) be: 1s 2s . Pz (popping out of the plane of the page, towards and away from you) True or false; the 3 different orientations do not have the same amount of energy. All 3 orientations have the same amount of energy. The 2p orbital only has one node (one point of 0 electron density) True or false; energy in a 2p orbital is higher than energy of a 2s orbital. The 2p orbital allows carbon to form more than one bond with itself. What is hunds rule? every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is doubly occupied, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

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Related Questions

(a) What are the similarities of and differences between the 1s and 2s orbitals of the hydrogen atom? (b) In what sense does a 2p orbital have directional character? Compare the “directional” characteristics of the px and dx2 - y2 orbitals. (That is, in what direction or region of space is the electron density concentrated?) (c) What can you say about the average distance from the nucleus of an electron in a 2s orbital as compared with a 3s orbital? (d) For the hydrogen atom, list the following orbitals in order of increasing energy (that is, most stable ones first): 4f, 6s, 3d, 1s, 2p.

This question is about relationships between the 1s, 2s and 2px orbitals.

Shown below is a qualitative diagram of the atomic orbital energies for an Na atom. The number of orbitals in each subshell is not shown.

(a) Are all of the subshells for n = 1, n = 2, and n = 3 shown? If not, what is missing?

(b) The 2s and 2p energy levels are shown as different. Which of the following is the best explanation for why this is the case? (i) The 2s and 2p energy levels have different energies in the hydrogen atom, so of course they will have different energies in the sodium atom, (ii) The
energy of the 2p orbital is higher than that of the 2s in all many-electron atoms. (iii) The 2s level in Na has electrons in it, whereas the 2p does not.
(c) Which of the energy levels holds the highest-energy electron in a sodium atom?
(d) A sodium vapor lamp (Figure 7.23) operates by using electricity to excite the highest-energy electron to the next highest-energy level. Light is produced when the excited electron drops back to the lower level. Which two energy levels are involved in this process for the Na atom?