CHM136H1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Octet Rule, Pair Bond, Trigonal Planar Molecular Geometry

• School: UTSG
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHM136H1
• Professor: Clive Scott Browning, Mitchell Winnik, Ronald Kluger, Matthew Anthony Lumba

Document Summary

Forms strong covalent bonds can make long chains or rings (from 1. Structure: c2h2 linear (1d, c2h4 trigonal planar (2d, ch4 tetrahedral (3d) Other common representations: lewis structure/kekule structure, skeletal structure/line-bond structure: Each unshown bond is a hydrogen atom: condensed structure. The atom: schr dinger model (1926: every atom has a series of atomic orbitals mathematical functions having wave characteristics, 1s, (2s, 2p), (3s, 3p, 3d) . Models predicts that s, p, and d orbitals will have diferent energies: 1s lowest of all orbitals in terms of energy relatively stable. 2s higher energy b/c the electron spends more time further from the nucleus (less attraction) 2p, 3p, 3d are degenerate have the same energy. *lower energy = more stable (closer to the nucleus) *octet rule is violated does not have to have 8 electrons. *we have 4 orbitals that can hold a max of 8 electrons ex.