ADMJ 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Appellate Jurisdiction, General Jurisdiction, Life Imprisonment
Document Summary
History and structure of the american court system. Two types of courts: state and federal. Dual-court system results of need for individual states to retain significant legislative authority and judicial autonomy. When conflicts arise between state statutes and constitutional guarantees, can appeal to federal court. By 1776, all american colonies established fully functioning court systems. Late 1800s, dramatic increase in population, urbanization, and western settlement more civil litigation and criminal arrests. Increase in courts - trial, appellate, and supreme courts. Examples: traffic courts, migistrate"s courts, municipal courts, probate courts, etc. Movement toward simplification court structures: centralized court structure, clear hierarchy of trial and appellate courts, consolidation of numerous lower-level courts with overlapping jurisdictions, centralized state court authority responsible for budgeting, financing, and. Original jurisdiction: the lawful authority of a court to hear or act a case from its managing all courts within state beginning and pass judgement on law and facts. Over specific geographic area or particular case types.
