ANTHR 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 28: Surrogacy, Egg Cell, Compadre

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5 Oct 2020
School
Department
Course
Professor
Anthr 102
Cultural Anthropology
Summer 2018
Patterns of Descent
Bilateral Descent:
People who think of themselves as related to both of their parent’s
kinships at the same time.
Unilineal Descent
Matrilineal: Inheriting descent through the female line
Patrilineal: Inheriting descent through the male line.
NOTE: males often still have greater access to wealth, power and status.
Relatedness beyond biology
Compadrazgo (ritual co-parenthood)
Such as: marriage and baptism, graduation, baby’s first haircut, first communion.
Compadres are also treated as kinships.
Reproductive Technologies
In Vitro Fertilization: a specialized technique by which an ovum, especially a human one,
is fertilized by sperm outside the human body, with the resulting embryo later implanted
in the uterus for gestation.
Surrogate motherhood: surrogacy separates motherhood from pregnancy, hence creating
3 categories of motherhood:
Biological mother who contributes the ovum
Gestational mother who donates her embryo, but shares no genetic
relationship to the child
Social mother who cares for and nurtures child.
Sodalities: more formal organization of non-kin bonds. Sodalities usually have special
purposes/interests. Like a brotherhood
Age-sets: non-kin social groups are based on age. For example, in South-Western
Ethiopia, a group called the Suri tribe, they are divided by age sets: children, young men,
junior elders and senior elders. And to move into the next age-set, for example from
young men to junior elders, you go through an initiation ceremony.
Subsistence, Distribution, and Exchange
Subsistence Strategies
This is how people obtain food and meet their survival needs
Food Collectors: they collect food depending on the availability of resource in their
environments
Food Producers: they produce food depending on the domesticated plants and/or animals
Farming:
Extensive Agriculture: System of crop cultivation using simple tools, small amounts of
labour (Human muscle power) and capital in relation to area of land being farmed.
Intensive Agriculture: System of cultivation using large amounts of labour and capital
relative to land area. More complex tools are used like plows, draft animals, irrigation,
fertilizer, etc.
Mechanized Industrial Agriculture: Large-Scale Farming. Factory farming of animals.
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Document Summary

People who think of themselves as related to both of their parent"s. Unilineal descent kinships at the same time. Matrilineal: inheriting descent through the female line. Patrilineal: inheriting descent through the male line. Note: males often still have greater access to wealth, power and status. Such as: marriage and baptism, graduation, baby"s first haircut, first communion. In vitro fertilization: a specialized technique by which an ovum, especially a human one, is fertilized by sperm outside the human body, with the resulting embryo later implanted in the uterus for gestation. Surrogate motherhood: surrogacy separates motherhood from pregnancy, hence creating. Gestational mother who donates her embryo, but shares no genetic relationship to the child. Social mother who cares for and nurtures child. Sodalities: more formal organization of non-kin bonds. Age-sets: non-kin social groups are based on age. Ethiopia, a group called the suri tribe, they are divided by age sets: children, young men, junior elders and senior elders.

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