NUTR 125 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Fluoride, Kidney Stone Disease, Hemoglobin
Document Summary
Sodium (na: absorb about 100% of na consumed, 30-40% found in bone, the major positive ion found in extracellular uid, functions- uid balance between compartments, nerve impulse conduction, absorption of glucose. Sodium sensitivity: for most people, the body will adjust to higher sodium intake by increasing urine output, 10-15% of adults are sodium sensitive, high sodium intake leads to increased blood pressure, ul- 2300 mg per day. Sodium de ciency: very rare- excessive perspiration, persistent vomiting, diarrhea, leads to muscle cramps, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, coma. Chloride (cl: an ion of chlorine, major negative ion for extracellular uid, used in producing stomach acid (hcl) during immune response of white blood cells. Trace minerals: iron, zinc, selenium, iodine, copper, chromium, fluoride, chromium, etc, all are toxic in excess. Iron absorption: heme iron is more readily absorbed than non-heme iron, vitamin c (75 mg) enhances absorption of non-heme iron, tannins in tea and phytates in grain inhibit iron absorption.
