PSYCH 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Encoding Specificity Principle, Long-Term Memory, Information Retrieval
Document Summary
Retrieval cue any stimulus (internal or external) that stimulates the activation of information stored in long-term memory: multiple self-generated cues is most effective way to maximize recall. Flashbulb memories recollections that seem so vivid and clear, that they can be pictured as if they were a snapshot of a moment of time: accuracy of these memories fades over time. Encoding specificity principle memory is enhanced when conditions present during retrieval match those that were present during encoding. Context dependent memory phenomenon that it is typically easier to remember something in the same environment in which it was acquired. Forgetting tends to occur more rapidly at first, then slows down: most of forgotten information occurs right away, then only a little forgotten over rest of time. Several explanations for memory loss, emphasizing difficulties in encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding failure information was never encoded into long term memory.
