PSYC 230 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Mental Model, Social Cognitive Theory, Blue Brain Project
Attachment
• Ainsworth, strange situation
• secure, avoidant, ambivalent-resistant, disorganized --> secure is best
• a child’s attachment style to a caregiver is indicative of what their future
relationships are going to look like, romantic relationships + friendships
Temperament
• Thomas and Chess, Rothbart, Goldsmith, Buss + Plomin
• Kagan: kid who’s shy @ 4 months will be outgoing @ 14 months and vice versa
• individual differences in emotion, motor activation and additional reaction to stimuli
Emotional Development and self- regulation
• internal working model: knowing how people will respond to you, starts with
parents then moves
• triadic engagement: sharing an emotional state with another person
• circadian rhythm
Gender Development and understanding others
• Selman’s stages of perspective taking: undifferentiated, social informational, self
reflective, third person, societal
• Pink Brain, Blue Brain documentary
• social cognitive theory: learn gender rules through observation
• gender identity: sense of self as male or female
• Kohlberg
Puberty, Sexuality + Risk Taking
• Silva, Chein, and Steinberg: teens engage in riskier behavior in the presence of
peers and when there’s immediate reward (esp, social)
• romantic relationships in adolescence are developmentally significant
• predictors of sexual activity: supportive beliefs, lack of parental monitoring,
physical maturity, substance use, early <14 yrs. on time 15-19
• deviance cycle
• girls typically undergo puberty first (~12), then boys start later, harder on girls if
experienced earlier
Identity Development
• Costa and McCrae: big 5
• McAdams: personality more than traits
• Marcia’s Identity Statuses: achievement, moratorium, foreclosure, diffusion
Family Relationships, parenting, siblings
• Baumrind’s Model of Parental Warmth and Control: authoritative, authoritarian,
uninvolved, permissive
• age differences of < 2 yrs in siblings causes tension, > 2 yrs difference more
harmonious
• parents need to be fair and children need to perceive fairness
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Attachment: secure, avoidant, ambivalent-resistant, disorganized --> secure is best, ainsworth, strange situation, a child"s attachment style to a caregiver is indicative of what their future relationships are going to look like, romantic relationships + friendships. Temperament: thomas and chess, rothbart, goldsmith, buss + plomin, kagan: kid who"s shy @ 4 months will be outgoing @ 14 months and vice versa, individual differences in emotion, motor activation and additional reaction to stimuli. Emotional development and self- regulation: internal working model: knowing how people will respond to you, starts with parents then moves, triadic engagement: sharing an emotional state with another person, circadian rhythm. Identity development: costa and mccrae: big 5, mcadams: personality more than traits, marcia"s identity statuses: achievement, moratorium, foreclosure, diffusion. Sensory, perception and motor development: thelen: development of walking, piaget: sensorimotor period, habituation, orienting, waking activity, alert inactivity, smiles, 18 months child recognizes their own face in mirror.
