PSYC 490 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Cocktail Party
Document Summary
Vigilance: aka concentration, passive, sustained attention to identify stimulus of interest. Search: aka seeking, active, selectively searching for stimuli of interest. Parallel search: rts to targets are not affected by the number of distractors. Serial search: rts to targets increase with the number of distractors. Detection of features: feature maps are loaded preattentively, not controllable by top-down processes. Cognition: requires attention, more controllable by top-down processing. Ability to selectively ignore some information in order to concentrate on other information. Broadbent, 1958: limit to amount of information you can attend to at one time, attend based on physical properties, gateway blocked at early stage of processing. Moray (1959) cocktail party effect: ability to selectively attend to one particular conversation over a cacophony of others, however, certain things can get through this filter, such as your name, and other important information/word, late-selection theory. All stimuli are processed for some aspects of meaning. Most important information is further elaborated and better remembered.
