BIOL 1201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Acetyl-Coa, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Facilitated Diffusion

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28 Nov 2016

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A chemical reaction that has a positive delta g is correctly described as. By lowering the activation energy of a reaction. The binding of the substrate changes the shape of the enzyme slightly. The solutions in the two arms of the u-tube are separated by a barrier impermeable to carbohydrates with side a 1 m glucose, 2 m sucrose, side b 1 m sucrose, 2 m glucose. The movement of solute molecules across a membrane from a higher concentration to a lower concentration is: Molecules which cross the plasma membrane by active transport: Facilitated diffusion moves molecules ______ their concentration gradients and _________ energy: with, uses no xiii. The solutions in the arms of a u-tube are separated at the bottom of the tube by a selectively permeable membrane. Membrane is permeable to nacl but not to glucose. Side a -- . 4 m glucose and . 5 m nacl. Side b -- . 8 m glucose and . 4 m.

Related Questions

Question 1

Plasma membranes are selectively permeable. This means that

	A.	glucose cannot enter the cell.
	B.	the plasma membrane allows some substances to enter or leave a cell more easily than others.
	C.	plasma membranes must be very thick.

Question 2

Oxygen molecules O₂ crosse a plasma membrane by

	A.	passive transport
	B.	osmosis
	C.	active transport

Question 3

Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires ________ and moves a substance ________ its concentration gradient.

		A. energy and channel proteins; against (up)
		B. transport proteins that make channels ; down
		C. energy ; down

Question 4

When two aqueous solutions that differ in solute concentration are placed on either side of a semipermeable membrane and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will

		A. move to the side with lower water concentration
	B.	move to the side with higher water concentration
	C.	move to the side with lower solute concentration

Question 5

Kinetic energy differs from chemical energy in that

	A.	chemical energy is a particular form of kinetic energy.
	B.	kinetic energy is the energy of a moving object, whereas chemical energy is the potential energy of molecules.
	C.	kinetic energy is stored energy that has the potential to do work, and chemical energy is the energy of movement.

Question 6

When a cell uses chemical energy to perform work, it uses the energy released from a(n) ________ reaction to drive a(n) ________ reaction.

	A.	exergonic; endergonic
	B.	endergonic; exergonic
	C.	spontaneous; exergonic

Question 7

When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction

		A. it raises the activation energy of the reaction.
		B. it lowers the activation energy of the reaction.
		C. it is used once and discarded.

Question 8

Which of the following statements regarding enzyme function is false?

		A. An enzyme's function depends on its three-dimensional shape.
		B. Enzymes are very specific for their substrates.
		C. Enzymes are used up when they catalyze a chemical reaction so must be synthesized for each new chemical reaction

Question 1 When energy changes from one form to another, some of the energy that can be used to do work is always lost. The loss of this energy is mostly in the form of _________.
a. heat
b. potential energy
c. kinetic energy
d. light energy
e. mechanical energy

Question 2 Which of the following is exergonic?
a. binding fatty acids and glycerol molecules together to form lipids
b. building proteins from amino acids
c. binding sugars molecules together to form glycogen
d. breaking bonds in starch to release glucose
e. adding a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP

Question 3 The first law of thermodynamics states that:
a. energy can neither be created nor destroyed.
b. the universe is increasing in entropy.
c. all living organisms must eat to derive energy.
d. energy is required to bring molecules into a cell against a concentration gradient.
e. in energy-yielding reactions, matter goes from a more-ordered to a less-ordered state.

Question 4 Which of the following is true of energy?
a. It can be transferred from one form to another with 100 percent efficiency.
b. It can be created.
c. It can be stored in chemical bonds.
d. It can never be stored.
e. It can be released by forming chemical bonds.

Question 5 Metabolism is:
a. the sum of all the energy a cell uses.
b. the sum of all the vitamins a cell contains.
c. the sum of all the enzymes a cell contains.
d. the sum of all the chemical reactions that an organism carries out.
e. the sum of all the ATP a cell contains.

Question 6 Entropy is the measure of ________ in a system.
a. disorder
b. order
c. energy
d. work
e. heat

Question 7 What percentage of the energy stored in glucose are humans cells able to use to do useful work?
a. 37%
b. 100%
c. 15%
d. 52%
e. 48%

Question 8 What is activation energy?
a. the energy gained by living things, allowing them to remain active
b. the energy produced by the breakdown of ATP to ADP.
c. the energy required to initiate or begin a chemical reaction
d. the energy created by enzymes during exergonic reactions
e. the energy lost by living things in the form of heat

Question 9 Which of the following is true of allosteric enzymes?
a. Their activity can be reduced when the product binds the enzyme.
b. Their activity can be reduced when a coenzyme binds to them.
c. Their activity can be reduced when the substrate binds the enzyme.
d. Their activity can be increased when the product binds the enzyme.

Question 10 Which of the following is a true statement about enzymes?
a. They are made of proteins.
b. They are altered by the reactions they catalyze.
c. They increase the energy of activation of chemical reactions.
d. All of the above are true.
e. None of the above is true.

Question 11 What is the energy currency of cells?
a. ADP
b. enzymes
c. glucose
d. vitamins
e. ATP

Question 12 Kinetic energy is ____________, while potential energy is _____________.
a. stored energy; energy that is being used
b. stored energy; energy that can't be used
c. energy that is being used; stored energy
d. energy that can't be used; stored energy

Question 13 The energy released during ________ reactions can be used to drive ________ reactions, and this is called ________ reactions.
a. exergonic; endergonic; coupled
b. endergonic; exergonic; coupled
c. exergonic; endergonic; mutually dependent
d. coupled; mutually dependent; independent
e. endergonic; exergonic; mutually dependent

Question 14 ADP + P + Energy --> ATP Which of the following is a true statement about the chemical reaction above?
a. This is a coupled reaction.
b. This is an exergonic reaction.
c. The product of the reaction contains more energy than that of all of the reactants combined.
d. This is an endergonic reaction.
e. This is an example of a catabolic reaction.

greychimpanzee211

1. You smear a small a mount of culture onto a strip containing a reagebt that tests for the presence of oxidase. The inoculated spot turns dark blue within 20 seconds. What does i mean?

a. The culture deos not contain oxidase

b. The culture is likely an aerobe

c. The culture is likely an anaerobe

d. The culture does not contain catalase

E. None of the above

2. True or False

a. The catalase enzyme is found in all obligate aerobes and facultatuve anaerobes to deal eith H2O2

b. An exergonic reaction requires energy input and must be coupledwith ATP hydrolysis in order to proceed

c. The TCA cycle must "turn twice" in order to complete the oxidation of one glucose molecule.

d. Allosteric regulation occurs when an enzyme has a site that can bind an effector molecule seperate from the active site.

e. Some bacteria use desulfurases to produce hydrogen sulfide from he breakdown of some amino acids.

f. A 1/10 dilution can be made by adding 1 mL sample to 10mL diluent

3. You obtain the following results after incubation of a bacterial starin in tge indicated carbohydrate fermemtation sugar media:

Sugar: Color of Medium Durham tube results

Glucose Yellow No bubble

Maltose Red Bubble

Mannitol Yellow No bubble

Lactose Yellow Bubble

Sucrose Red No Bubble

Which sugars cannot be fermented by this bacterial strain?

a. glucose and mannitol

b. maltose and lactose

c. lactose

d. maltose and sucrose

e. none of the choices are correct

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BIOL 1201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Acetyl-Coa, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Facilitated Diffusion

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