GLG 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Kīlauea, Mid-Ocean Ridge, Magma Chamber
Document Summary
Mercury has craters caused by volcanoes but they are said to be extinct. Mars has volcanoes 10-100 times larger than earth"s volcanoes, violent. Olympus mons is the largest in the solar system. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma bodies. Volcanic-extrusive, forms at surface, from eruptions of lava flows, flows and fragmented debris-pyroclastic. Plutonic-intrusive, formed and solidified beneath surface, magma assimilation. Rocks cool in different environments, causing different rocks to form. Why do most volcanoes occur at or near plate boundaries? (volcanism is not random) Conditions at the boundaries changes the normal pressure and temperature conditions enough to produce magma of the volcanoes on earth because it is where there are major. Current pressure and temperature conditions in the mantle do not allow for magma generation (geothermal gradient) Melting occurs at these pressure and temperature conditions. If the two lines do not cross. there is no melting. What is the chemistry of the melt (partially melting the mantle)
