GOV 120 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: De Jure
Document Summary
Some groups excluded from participation and, consequently, have less voice in the debate. Informal/ de facto exclusion: some groups have higher shares of people who do not participate. Consequently, some groups have greater access than others. The flaw in the pluralist heaven is that the heavenly chorus sings with a strong upper-class accent -e. e. schattschneider. Minorities (and other groups with limited participation and limited resources) are less likely to be represented in governing institutions. The interests (the attitudes and values) of these lower-participating groups are less likely to shape policy. Mean hours contributed to campaigns (among those who volunteer in campaigns) Dollars contributed (among those who contribute money) Promise of pluralism and group competition is limited by differential access of groups. Civic life and the electorate are likely to be more white (and older, more affluent, and better educated) than the population as a whole for the foreseeable future. Why do minorities participate less in civic life.
