PSYCH 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Twin, Neurodevelopmental Disorder
4/26/18
a. Bipolar 1: characterized by extremely elevated moods during manic episodes and
frequently depressive episodes as well
i.More mania, less depression
ii.Manic episodes cause significant impairment in daily living (can result in hospitalization)
b. Bipolar 2: alternating periods of extremely depressed and mildly elevated moods
.Hypomania: less extreme mood elevations
i.More depression, less mania
c. Linked to creativity??
.Many famous writers, musicians, artists have bipolar disorder
d. Causes:
.Genetics
1. Family history is the strongest/most consistent risk factor for
bipolar
2. Concordance rate
a. Identical twins >70%
b. Fraternal twins ~20%
3. Multiple genes associated
4. Runs in families = more severe and appears in younger ages
e. Treatment
.Medication (ie. Lithium)
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
1. Characterized by restlessness, inattentiveness, and impulsivity
2. Line btwn normal and abnormal is hard to draw (young children)
3. 11% of boys, 4% of girls
4. Neurodevelopmental disorder-- found at a young age
5. Diagnostic criteria:
a. At least 6 or more symptoms of inattention
b. At least 6 or more symptoms of hyperactivity
c. Last atleast 6 months and interfere w daily function
d. Must start displaying symptoms under the age of 12/pre-puberty
6. Causes:
. Genetics
i.2x likely in identical twins than in fraternal twins
a. Brain activity/structure
.Adults w ADHD in childhood have dec activity in frontal lobe attention and motor control areas
i.Differences in the basal ganglia
b. Environmental
.Inc media use--multitasking and texting
7. Treatment
. Medication
.Ritalin, Adderall, Concerta, Vyvanese
i.Stimulants--dec hyperactivity, inc focus
ii.Good for short-term treatment
a. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
.Best long-term therapy
Schizophrenia
1. Alterations in thoughts, perceptions, and consciousness
2. Split btwn thoughts and emotions
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Document Summary
Bipolar 1: characterized by extremely elevated moods during manic episodes and i. more mania, less depression ii. manic episodes cause significant impairment in daily living (can result in hospitalization) Bipolar 2: alternating periods of extremely depressed and mildly elevated moods. hypomania: less extreme mood elevations i. more depression, less mania. many famous writers, musicians, artists have bipolar disorder. genetics: family history is the strongest/most consistent risk factor for bipolar, concordance rate. Fraternal twins ~20: multiple genes associated, runs in families = more severe and appears in younger ages. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd: characterized by restlessness, inattentiveness, and impulsivity, line btwn normal and abnormal is hard to draw (young children, 11% of boys, 4% of girls, neurodevelopmental disorder-- found at a young age, diagnostic criteria: At least 6 or more symptoms of inattention. At least 6 or more symptoms of hyperactivity. Last atleast 6 months and interfere w daily function. Must start displaying symptoms under the age of 12/pre-puberty: causes:
