BMCB 658 Lecture Notes - Lecture 28: Pribnow Box

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peachprairie-dog751

19 Aug 2016

School

UNH

Department

Biochemistry, Molecular & Cellular Biology

Course

BMCB 658

Professor

Carrie A.May

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Lecture 28: Transcription & RNA Synthesis May 3, 2016

General Features of RNA Synthesis

1. RNA synthesized on a DNA template, catalyzed by DNA-dependent RNA

polymerase

2. ATP, GTP, CTP, and UTP are required, as well as Mg2+

3. No RNA primer is required

4. RNA chain is synthesized in the 5’ to 3’ direction

5. DNA base sequence contains signals for initiation and termination of RNA

synthesis; the polymerase binds to and moves along the DNA template in 3’

to 5’ direction

6. DNA template is unchanged

Transcription Step 1

• DNA template has promoter region upstream to transcription start site,

position +1

• Promoter provides directionality for polymerase

• Tells polymerase which strand is coding strand

• Also controls frequency of gene transcription

• Strong promoter: binds polymerase tightly, gene will be transcribed more

often

Promoter Recognition

• -10 region (Pribnow box)

• -35 region (core promoter)

• -40 to -60 region (UP element) enhanced polymerase binding

Transcription Step 2

• Closed complex is formed

• The sigma subunit directs polymerase to promoter

Transcription Step 3

• Open complex is formed

• The sigma subunit initiates strand separation (melting) ~-10 from TSS

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Related Questions

During transcription in eukaryotes, a type of RNA polymerase called RNA polymerase II moves along the template strand of the DNA in the 3'â5' direction. However, for any given gene, either strand of the double-stranded DNA may function as the template strand. Which of the following initially determines which DNA strand is the template strand, and therefore in which direction RNA polymerase II moves along the DNA?

A. the location of specific proteins (transcription factors) that bind to the DNA

B. the specific sequence of bases along the DNA strands

C. the location along the chromosome where the double-stranded DNA unwinds

D. the position of the geneâs promoter on the chromosome

E. which of the two strands of DNA carries the RNA primer

Please explain your answer.