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BIOL 2301 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Dna Gyrase, Cell Nucleus, Phosphodiester Bond

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indigooyster587
15 Aug 2018
School
Northeastern University
Department
Biology
Course
BIOL 2301
Professor
Christopher Richardson

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Document Summary

Dna: genome size iii. iv. andnewstrandsarebeing synthesized initiation : the. Eukaryotic dna molecules contain multiple anew replication fork origins of replication: the genetic complement ofacellorvirus constitutes its genome. Steps of dna replication: dna molecule ii. Separation of (step "t ) genome: the c-value is the dna content ofthehaploidgenome a helicase : hydrolyzes atptodrivetheunwindingofthe double helix l breaks hydrogen bond. Atp using a c-value paradox : among eukaryotes , internist metabolic b. : much: twists than coding two polynucleotide iv. :no consistent relationship between of the dna has functions other binding back together. Keep separated strands the c. value and complexity chains twisted around each other templates for dna synthesis for the lack of relationship isthatinhigher organisms: each dna strand a polarity or directionality. Double helix or duplex molecule of dna consists of. Gyraseibreaksphosphodiesterbonds separation wouldbebroughttoahatt anrnaprimer( a because the two strands of replicating in which fo ,orn share a hydrogen: bases connect by hydrogen bonding resuturesitwiththehdpof dna.

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Related Questions

Bacterial chromosomes contain all of the following except

a structural genes.

b intergenic regions.

c repetitive sequences.

d. multiple origins of replication

2.Match the description with the type of genome.
1. Can have multiple linear chromosomes. prokaryotic or eukaryotic
2. One origin of replication. prokaryotic or eukaryotic
3. Usually consists of one chromosome, which is circular. prokaryotic or eukaryotic
4. Multiple origins of replication. eukaryotic or prokaryotic
5. Located in the cytoplasm. eukaryotic or prokaryotic
6. Located in the nucleus. eukaryotic or prokaryotic

QUESTION 1. Choose the true statement about prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA replication.

A.Eukaryotic DNA replication involves less protein factors than does prokaryotic DNA replication.
B. Prokaryotic DNA polymerases replicate DNA 5' to 3', while eukaryotic DNA polymerases replicate DNA 3' to 5'.
C. Eukaryotic DNA replication begins at multiple origins of replication, while prokaryotic DNA replication begins at a single origin of replication.
D. Prokaryotic genomes take longer to replicate than eukaryotic genomes.

QUESTION 2. Bacterial cells use DNA replication to:

A. make back-up copies of their genome in case of a mutation.
B. manifest multiple phenotypes at once.
C. copy their genetic material prior to binary fission.
D. build functional proteins.

QUESTION 3. Choose the true statement about the genetic code.

A. A cell's mRNA code is read four nucleotides at a time to specify a single amino acid.
B. The genetic code encodes 64 amino acids, one for each of the 64 corresponding codons.
C. The genetic code is redundant, with multiple codons specifying a single amino acid.
D. The genetic code varies widely among organisms, with each having a different set of codons for a corresponding amino acid.

QUESTION 4. Of the following enzymes, which are correctly matched with their function? To be marked correct, you'll need to select all correctly matched statements, as there may be more than one correct answer.

A. Helicase, relieves torsion stress as DNA unwinds
B. Ligase, covalently bonds adjacent Okazaki fragments
C. Primase, removes RNA primers
D. DNA polymerase III, builds most of the DNA on the leading and lagging strand

QUESTION 5. Which of the following contributes to DNA replication accuracy? To be marked correct, you'll need to select all true statements, as there may be more than one correct answer.

A. The capacity to proofread improves DNA replication accuracy.
B. A slow rate of DNA replication contributes to accuracy.
C. The use of primase improves DNA replication accuracy.
D. DNA replication accuracy is improved thanks to complementary base pairing rules.

Which of the following is correct about DNA replication? A. Replication begins from one end of the molecule, and ends at the other end. B. A type of RNA polymerase is the enzyme that lays down the first nucleotide of the daughter strand. C. Replication occurs in one chromosome at a time. D. DNA polymerase III and the primase have opposite directions of functions. E. At the end of replication, two DNA molecules are present- the original molecule, and a newly synthesized DNA molecule.