PSYC 1101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Theory Of Multiple Intelligences, Hindsight Bias, Trait Theory

• School: Northeastern University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSYC 1101
• Professor: Eidson

Document Summary

Problem-solving strategies (trial and error, algorithms, heuristics) Problem solving - thinking we do in order to answer a complex question or to figure out how to resolve an unfavorable situation. Trial and error - trying various possible solutions, and if that fails, trying others. Ex. wander around a supermarket randomly to find it. Algorithm - step by step strategy for solving a problem, methodically leading to a specific solution; will always produce a correct solution, but may be inefficient. Ex. creating a methodical path to make sure you check every single aisle. Heuristic - short-cut, step-saving thinking strategy or principle which generates a solution quickly (but possibly in error); general rule that usually yields a correct answer. Insight - sudden realization, leap forward in thinking, that leads to a solution. Confirmation bias, mental set and functional fixedness. Confirmation bias - tendency to search for information that confirms our current theory and disregarding contradictory evidence.