BIOL SCI 215 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Primase, Lac Operon, Sulfur
28 Jun 2018
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Constitutive vs. Regulated Expression
Constitutive:
Essential for survival: ribosomes, RNA polymerase, etc.
Useful in many environments
Transcription factors are the link between gene expression and environment: so that
they can immediately respond to it and cause changes in gene regulation
Regulated:
Cell division: like mitosis
2 ways for translation to start:
Shine-Dalgarno Sequence
oAllows for lining of ribosomes so that the start will be at the P site
For one stretch of mRNA there is only one gene encoded even though some overlap.
Bacteria genes do not overlap.
DNA is -ve charged and when u plug in electricity, it will go toward the positive part of the
gel.
ANother way of doing sequencing technique using gel where u add nucleotides to the
ddNTPS
Promoter recruits RNA polymerase
P and O are not proteins, therefore they are cis not trans.
Lac I repressing cos just blocking rna polymerase path.
Lac I can be anywhere in the protein and diffuses in the cell until it gets to the lac operon
Prokaryotes: circular, no nucleus
Eukaryotes: linear, nucleus
Primase makes RNA primer
Shargroff - A-T equal G-C equal
Phosphate-DNA because of backbone
Sulfur mainly found in proteins so they label the P and S in virus to see what invades cells
Griffith- DNA
tRNA has anti-codon which is complementary to codon on mRNA.
tRNA adds an A, then P and then E it is an empty trna
Shine dalgarno- prokaryotes- part of the dna sequence, before the AUG start codon there is
a specific so that the ribsomoe reads shine recognize and looks ofr start codon
Because its polycistronic there will be multiple shine dalgarno
Eukaryotes: 5’Cap on mRNA what the ribosome recognizes but the first thing it makes is N ,
N to C is amino acid
Ubiquitination- cells targets protein for degradation
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Essential for survival: ribosomes, rna polymerase, etc. Transcription factors are the link between gene expression and environment: so that they can immediately respond to it and cause changes in gene regulation. Shine-dalgarno sequence: allows for lining of ribosomes so that the start will be at the p site. For one stretch of mrna there is only one gene encoded even though some overlap. Dna is -ve charged and when u plug in electricity, it will go toward the positive part of the gel. Another way of doing sequencing technique using gel where u add nucleotides to the ddntps. P and o are not proteins, therefore they are cis not trans. Lac i repressing cos just blocking rna polymerase path. Lac i can be anywhere in the protein and diffuses in the cell until it gets to the lac operon. Sulfur mainly found in proteins so they label the p and s in virus to see what invades cells.
