BIOL-UA 21 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Chemical Equilibrium, Phosphodiester Bond, Reaction Rate Constant

• School: New York University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOL-UA 21
• Professor: Mark Siegal

Document Summary

The central dogma i: dna as chemical and genetic material. Small molecule subunits after polymerization becomes the macromolecule dna. Nucleotide with 2-deoxyribose, a sugar, and a phosphate. On the 5" end a phosphodiester is bonded to the 3" carbon of the previous nucleotide. Dna has a direction which is 5" 3". Nucleic acid polymerization is powered by ntps. High-energy phosphoanhydride bonds, when bonds are broken this energy can be used in the cell because it releases atp. Template tells polymerase what nucleotide to put in. Strand being read is 3" to 5" creating the new strand of 5" to 3". In the cell forward and reverse rates are balanced in the cell so that there is an equilibrium in the cell. Rate of forward reaction = concentration of reactants decreases. Rate of reverse reaction = concentration of products increases. Chemical equilibrium = forward and reverse rates are equal, no change in concentration of reactants and products increases.