BIOL-UA 21 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Phosphate, Phosphodiester Bond, Messenger Rna
15 May 2016
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Incoming rntp bonds between alpha phosphate and 3" oh of existing polymer pyrosphate production releases energy break down into two inorganic phosphate. Two inorganic phosphate more energy release; driving reaction farther forward due to steady state. But not every piece of dna transcribed into messenger rna and each mrna being translated into protein. Not copying, but decisions being made as to what gets transcribed and translated. Exceptions: gametes (haploid-random assortment of half of the genes), red blood cells (anucleate), b cells (produce antibodies; generate random assortment of antibodies; rearrangements change genes to produce specific pathogen-fighting sequence) Rna polymerization does not happen spontaneously: need enzyme rna polymerase. Rna polymerase attaches to dna in promoter region (location on dna where. Place on dna where first nucleotide is template is start site (on template strand) Rna polymerase makes rna from 5" to 3" direction. Thus, template strand is running 3" to 5". Stop site: place on template strand where transcription stops.
