CHM 143 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Combined Gas Law, Closed System, Pennsylvania Route 760

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13 Oct 2016

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Acid (aq) + base (aq) salt (aq) + h2o (l) Hno3 (aq) + naoh (aq) nano3 (aq) + h2o (l) H+ (aq) + oh- (aq) h2o (l) (aq) + na+ (aq) + oh- (aq) na+ (aq) +no3. Strong acid- 100% ionized no molecules of acid in solution. Weak acid- less than 100% ionized molecules of acid in solution. Reaction forms an unstable product readily decomposes and forms a product that is a gas. See table 4. 3 for the list of reactants and gas products: sulfide (s2-) product h2s (g, carbonate/bicarbonate h2co3 carbonic acid, h2co3 co2 (g) + h2o. 2-) or hso3: sulfites/ bisulfite (so3, nh4. H2so3 so2 (g) + h2o (l) Titration: using a known volume of a known concentration to determine an unknown concentration of a solution. Must have 2 decimal places for every buret reading in the lab. Equivalence point = #moles known = #moles unknown.

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Which of the following is a gas-evolution reaction? 2 C2H6(I) +- 7 O2(g) rightarrow 4 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(g) LiCI(aq) + NaNO3(aq) rightarrow LiNO3(aq) + NaCI(g) 2 H2(g) + O2(g) rightarrow 2 H2O(g) NH4CI(aq) + KOH(aq) rightarrow KCI(aq) + NH3(g) + H2O(l) None of the above are gas-evolution reactions. Which of the following is an acid base reaction? C(s) + O2(g) rightarrow CO2(g) Fe(s) + 2 AgNO3(aq) rightarrow 2 Ag(s) + Fe(NO3)2(aq) 2 HCIO4(aq) + Ca(OH)2(aq) rightarrow 2 H2O(l) + Ca(CIO4)2(aq) OMgSO4(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq) - Mg(N03)2(aq) + BaS04(s) None of the above are acid base reactions. Identify the spectator ions in the following molecular equal KBr(aq) + AgNO3(aq) rightarrow AgBr(s) + KNO3(aq) Ag+ and NO3 k+ and NO3- k+ and Br+ Ag+ and Br+ There are no spectator ions in this reaction. Which of the following is a precipitation reaction? HCI(aq) + KOH(aq) rightarrow KCI(aq) + H2O(l) NaCI(aq) + Lil(aq) rightarrow Nal(aq) + LiCI(aq) 2 Lil(aq) + Hg2(NO3)2(aq) rightarrow Hg2l2(s) + 2 LiN03(aq) 2n(s) + 2 AgNO3(aq) rightarrow 2 Ag(s) + Zn(NO3)2(aq) None of the above are precipitation reactions. Give the net ionic equation for the reaction (if any) that occurs when aqueous solutions of H2SO4 and KOH are mixed. H+(aq) + OH-(aq) rightarrow H2O(l) H+(aq) + OH-(aq) + 2 K4(aq) + SO42'(aq) rightarrow H2O(l) + K2SO4(s) H22+(aq) + OH - (aq) rightarrow H2(OH)2(l) 2 K+(aq) + SO42 - rightarrow (aq) K2SO4(s) No reaction occurs. Give the net ionic equation for the reaction (if any) that occurs when aqueous solutions of K2S and Fe(NO3)2 are mixed. Fe2+(aq) + S2-(aq) + 2 K4(aq) + 2 NO3(aq) righarrow FeS(s) + 2 K4(aq) + 2 NO3(aq) Fe2+(aq) + S2 - (aq) + 2 K4(aq) + 2 NO3 - (aq) rightarrow Fe2+(aq) + S2-(aq) + 2 KNO3(s) Fe2+(aq) + S2 - (aq) rightarrow FeS(s) K+(aq) + NO3 - (aq) rightarrow KNO3(s) No reaction occurs. Choose the statement below that is TRUE. The term "weak electrolyte" means that the substance is inert. A strong acid solution consists of only partially ionized acid molecules. A molecular compound that does not ionize in solution is considered a strong electrolyte. A weak acid solution consists of mostly nonionized acid molecules. The term "strong electrolyte" means that the substance is extremely reactive. What is the molarity of a NaOH solution if 48.0 mL of a 0.220 M H2S04 solution is required to neutralize a 25.0-mL sample of the NaOH solution? 00.115 00.845 00.422 00.229 0132 What element is undergoing reduction (if any) in the following reaction? Zn(s) + 2 AgN03(aq) rightarrow Zn(NO3)2(aq) + 2 Ag(s) O Ag Zn N This is not an oxidation-reduction reaction.

Show transcribed image text Which of the following is a gas-evolution reaction? 2 C2H6(I) +- 7 O2(g) rightarrow 4 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(g) LiCI(aq) + NaNO3(aq) rightarrow LiNO3(aq) + NaCI(g) 2 H2(g) + O2(g) rightarrow 2 H2O(g) NH4CI(aq) + KOH(aq) rightarrow KCI(aq) + NH3(g) + H2O(l) None of the above are gas-evolution reactions. Which of the following is an acid base reaction? C(s) + O2(g) rightarrow CO2(g) Fe(s) + 2 AgNO3(aq) rightarrow 2 Ag(s) + Fe(NO3)2(aq) 2 HCIO4(aq) + Ca(OH)2(aq) rightarrow 2 H2O(l) + Ca(CIO4)2(aq) OMgSO4(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq) - Mg(N03)2(aq) + BaS04(s) None of the above are acid base reactions. Identify the spectator ions in the following molecular equal KBr(aq) + AgNO3(aq) rightarrow AgBr(s) + KNO3(aq) Ag+ and NO3 k+ and NO3- k+ and Br+ Ag+ and Br+ There are no spectator ions in this reaction. Which of the following is a precipitation reaction? HCI(aq) + KOH(aq) rightarrow KCI(aq) + H2O(l) NaCI(aq) + Lil(aq) rightarrow Nal(aq) + LiCI(aq) 2 Lil(aq) + Hg2(NO3)2(aq) rightarrow Hg2l2(s) + 2 LiN03(aq) 2n(s) + 2 AgNO3(aq) rightarrow 2 Ag(s) + Zn(NO3)2(aq) None of the above are precipitation reactions. Give the net ionic equation for the reaction (if any) that occurs when aqueous solutions of H2SO4 and KOH are mixed. H+(aq) + OH-(aq) rightarrow H2O(l) H+(aq) + OH-(aq) + 2 K4(aq) + SO42'(aq) rightarrow H2O(l) + K2SO4(s) H22+(aq) + OH - (aq) rightarrow H2(OH)2(l) 2 K+(aq) + SO42 - rightarrow (aq) K2SO4(s) No reaction occurs. Give the net ionic equation for the reaction (if any) that occurs when aqueous solutions of K2S and Fe(NO3)2 are mixed. Fe2+(aq) + S2-(aq) + 2 K4(aq) + 2 NO3(aq) righarrow FeS(s) + 2 K4(aq) + 2 NO3(aq) Fe2+(aq) + S2 - (aq) + 2 K4(aq) + 2 NO3 - (aq) rightarrow Fe2+(aq) + S2-(aq) + 2 KNO3(s) Fe2+(aq) + S2 - (aq) rightarrow FeS(s) K+(aq) + NO3 - (aq) rightarrow KNO3(s) No reaction occurs. Choose the statement below that is TRUE. The term "weak electrolyte" means that the substance is inert. A strong acid solution consists of only partially ionized acid molecules. A molecular compound that does not ionize in solution is considered a strong electrolyte. A weak acid solution consists of mostly nonionized acid molecules. The term "strong electrolyte" means that the substance is extremely reactive. What is the molarity of a NaOH solution if 48.0 mL of a 0.220 M H2S04 solution is required to neutralize a 25.0-mL sample of the NaOH solution? 00.115 00.845 00.422 00.229 0132 What element is undergoing reduction (if any) in the following reaction? Zn(s) + 2 AgN03(aq) rightarrow Zn(NO3)2(aq) + 2 Ag(s) O Ag Zn N This is not an oxidation-reduction reaction.

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1. (10)What ions and/or molecules are present in relatively large proportions in a solution of a weak acid, HF (aq)? Select all appropriate answers. H+ HF F- HF+ F+ F2+ H2- F2- H F 2. (10)What ions and/or molecules are present in relatively large proportions in a solution of a strong base NaOH (aq)? Select all appropriate answers. NaOH Na2+ OH2- OH- NaO+ OH+ Na Na+ OH 3. (10)What ions and/or molecules are present in relatively large proportions in a solution of a strong acid HClO3 (aq)? Select all appropriate answers. HClO3 ClO3- HCl+ Cl+ H+ ClO3+ O3- O32- HCl None of these is present in relatively large proportions 4. (10)What ions and/or molecules are present in relatively large proportions in a solution of the soluble ionic compound NiCl2 (aq)? Select all appropriate answers. Ni2+ NiCl2 Cl22- Cl2- Ni+ Cl2- Ni Cl Cl2 Cl- 5. (5)Which of the following equations represents the proper net ionic equation for the precipitation of an insoluble sulfide compound from ZnBr2(aq) and Na2S(aq). Na2S(aq) + ZnBr2(aq) ----> 2 NaBr(aq) + ZnS(s) Zn2+(aq) + S2-(aq) ----> ZnS(s) Na2S(aq) + 2 Br-(aq) ----> 2 NaBr(s) + S2-(aq) Br-(aq) + Na+(aq) ----> NaBr(s) S2-(aq) + ZnBr2(aq) ----> ZnS(s) + 2 Br-(aq) 3 S2-(aq) + 2 Zn3+(aq) ----> Zn2S3(s) Na2+(aq) + Br2-(aq) ----> Na2Br2(s) Na2S(aq) + ZnBr2(aq) ----> Na2Br2(aq) + ZnS(s) Zn+(aq) + S-(aq) ----> ZnS(s) 6. (5)Which of the following equations represents the proper net ionic equation for the complete neutralization reaction between the strong acid HI(aq) and the weak base NH3(aq)? H+ (aq) + NH3(aq) ----> NH4+ (aq) HI (aq) + OH- (aq) ----> H2O (l) + I- (aq) HI (aq) + NH3(aq) ----> NH4I (aq) I- (aq) + NH4+ (aq) ----> NH4I (aq) H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) ----> H2O (l) HI (aq) + OH- (aq) ----> H2IO (aq) H+ (aq) + NH4+ (aq) ----> NH5+ (aq) I- (aq) + OH- (aq) ----> HIO (aq) mark 7. (5)What are the spectator ions in the solution after completely precipitating an insoluble carbonate compound when mixing Ca(ClO3)2 (aq) and Na2CO3 (aq)? Ca2+ , ClO3- , Na+ , and CO32- Na+ and CO32- CO32- and ClO3- CO32- and Ca2+ Ca2+ and ClO3- Ca2+ and Na+ Na+ ClO3- ClO3- and Na+ Ca2+ 8. (5)What are the spectator ions in the solution after the complete neutralization reaction occurs when mixing the weak acid H2S (aq) and the strong base KOH (aq)? H+ , S2- , K+ , and OH- OH- and K+ H+ and OH- OH- and S2- K+ and S2- K+ and H+ S2- and H+ K+ S2-

CHM 143 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Combined Gas Law, Closed System, Pennsylvania Route 760

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