CHEM 1220 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Covalent Bond, Hydrogen Bond, Metallic Bonding
24 Aug 2016
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Document Summary
State of substance depends on kinetic energy of particles and strength of attraction between particles (intermolecular forces) Kinetic energy is related to temperature and pressure. Gas: assumes shape and volume of container, compressible, flows readily, diffusion within gas occurs rapidly. Liquid: assumes shape but not volume of container, not compressible, flows readily, diffusion within liquid occurs slowly. Solid: keeps shape and volume, not compressible, doesn t flow (with some exceptions such as glass, gold, etc. Phase diagram: diagram where coexistence lines mark where states coexist together and one state changes to another. Red line is liquid-gas with the critical point at the end, blue is liquid-solid, green is solid-gas. Critical point: where liquid and gas become indistinguishable from each other and form supercritical fluid. Fundamental difference between states of matter is distance between particles. Intermolecular forces with hydrogen bonds will cause molecules to be denser than those without them. Inter=between molecules (dispersion forces, dipole-dipole, ion-dipole, hydrogen bond)
