NURS 282 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Generalised Tonic-Clonic Seizure, Fumaric Acid, Prochlorperazine
Document Summary
Initiation how a seizure starts: synchronous, high-frequency discharge happening all at the same time, group of hyperexcitable neurons called ~ focus, spontaneous firing of abnormal neurons, epilepsy - recurrent seizure disorder, underlying/tx-able cause. Lennox-gastaut syndrome: severe form of epilepsy, treatment is difficult, develops during preschool years, developmental delay & mix of partial & generalized seizures, types: partial, atonic, tonic, generalized tonic-clonic, atypical absence. Patho: mechanism of pathogenies, either due to, altered membrane ion channels, altered extracellular electrolytes. Aed classification: aka anticonvulsants, traditional, newer, phenytoin, fosphenytoin, carbamazepine, valproic acid vpa, ethosuximate, phenobarbital civ (class 4 controlled substance, primidone, felbamate, gabapentin. Levetiracetam: oxcarbazepine, pregabalin cv (class 5 controlled substance, tigabine, topiramate, zonisamide. Inhibition of enzyme degradation of gaba: vigabatrin. Antiepileptic drugs aeds cont: goals, reduce seizures to restore qol (quality of life, balance b/w control & ades, drug tx is highly individualized, several aeds may be tried before. Notable aeds: phenytoin: po, take w/ food to avoid gi upset.
