B M B 211 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Cell Membrane, Membrane Protein
Document Summary
Sense and respond to their environment, transform matter and energy, and reproduce themselves. Common features- small, single-cell with a cell wall, plasma membrane, circular. All cells have cytoplasm, plasma membrane and dna. *viruses are not alive so they are neither prokaryotic or eukaryotic, they have no cells or plasma membrane, they are made up of proteins and genetic material. Humans and microbiota have evolved together (only 10% of the human body is actually human cells, mostly prokaryotes) Infants are given maternal microbiome during childbirth, asthma and allergies could be increasing because more c-sections are being performed. The plasma membrane: isolates the cell from the outside environment. Very diverse, full of proteins and contains cytoskeleton. Phospholipid bilayer with hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails. Rough endoplasmic reticulum: contains ribosomes that modify proteins. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum: where lipids are made (in liver) Ribosomes: free floating or attached to rough er, responsible for synthesizing proteins.