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BIO 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Sympatric Speciation, Continental Drift, Speciation

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lemondinosaur366

3 Feb 2017

School

Quinnipiac University

Department

Course

Professor

Jack Kronengold

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Document Summary

Organisms may have the same appearance but belong to different species. Differences in appearance do not always indicated that two populations belong to different species. Isolating mechanisms - traits that prevent interbreeding and maintain reproductive isolation. Benefit: the production of no offspring that are unfit or sterile. Premating isolating mechanisms - prevent mating between species. Geographical isolation - prevents interbreeding between populations that do not come into contact because they live in different, physically separated places. Ecological isolation - when species do not mate because they occupy different habitats in the same area. Temporal isolation - different species may breed at different times. Behavioral isolation - different species may have different courtship signals - created by signals and behaviors that differ from species. Mechanical incompatibility - species cannot mate because their reproductive structures are incompatible. Postmating isolating mechanisms - limit hybrid offspring. If the resulting offspring die during development, the two species remain reproductively isolated from each other.

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Related Questions

1. Biomes - Match the biome with itsdescription.

Potential Matches:

1 : Coniferous forest

2 : Temperate forest

4 : Tropical rainforest

: Caribou, musk ox and lemmingsare common, along with permafrost, mosses and lichens.

: May be hot or cold, but alwaysvery dry.

: Long snowy winters and shortsummers allow for cone-bearing evergreen trees to flourish.

: Spectacular displays of colorin the fall occur before deciduous trees drop their leaves.

: Plentiful rainfall and warmyear round temperatures produce a habitat home to the greatestdiversity of plants and animals.

: Mostly treeless expanse knownfor large herds of grazing mammals.

: Home to migrating waterfowl,this type of biome is important in reducing flooding and improvingwater quality.

: Transition area between a riverand an ocean with salinity ranging from nearly that of freshwaterto that of the oceans.

2 Genetics - Match the terms with the mostsuitable description.
(Points : 16)

Potential Matches:

: An allele that can be expressedby an individual that is heterozygous.

: The genetic make-up of anindividual.

: The control of more than onephenotypic character by a single gene.

: The visible physical expressionof an individual's genetic make-up.

: An allele that can only beexpressed when an individual is homozygous.

: A trait controlled by more thanjust a single pair of alleles.

: A trait controlled by a genelocated on either the X or Y chromosomes.

: An individual carrying only oneallele of a recessively inherited disorder.

3. Evolution - Match the terms with the mostsuitable description.
(Points : 16)

Potential Matches:

1 : hybrid sterility

2 : habitat isolation

3 : hybrid inviability

4 : geographic isolation

5 : mechanical isolation

6 : gamete mortality

7 : temporal isolation

8 : behavioral isolation

: Because of a single mutation ina developmental gene, two closely related species of wasps have aslightly different anatomy of their sex organs making interbreedingimpossible.

: Two species of snakes aremorphologically very similar but breed during differentseasons.

: Two similar species oftreehoppers live and feed on two separate species of trees.

: Males of two species of birdsuse different mating dances to attract their mates.

: Due to a geographic barrier, asmall portion of a population remains isolated and its gene pooldiverges from that of the original population.

: Sperm from a male of onespecies dies in the reproductive tract of the female of a differentspecies before fertilization can occur

: Mules are a cross between adonkey and a horse; they are viable, healthy animals, but theycannot reproduce.

: A cross between two species ofsalamanders yields offspring, but they do not survive long enoughto reproduce