LE 101 Lecture 3: LE101 - Chapter 3: Classification of the Law

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maroongnat519

30 Sep 2018

School

Quinnipiac University

Department

Legal Studies

Course

LE 101

Professor

Prof Brandt

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Document Summary

Laws must relate to health, welfare, safety and morals of states citizenry. Each state is free to create their own laws but. Laws created by the state cannot violate us constitution. Doctrine prevents states from passing laws that con ict with federal laws. Doctrine may prohibit states from passing any laws on a subject. States can pass additional laws that do not con ict w federal laws. The standard of proof always used in criminal trials and only in criminal trials. The evidence presented must be sp conclusive and complete that there are no reasonable doubts regarding the guilt of the accused. The standard of proof used in some civil trials. The evidence presented must be greater than a preponderance of the evidence but less than beyond a reasonable doubt. The standard of proof most commonly used in civil trials. The evidence presented must prove that it is more likely than not the defendant committed the wrongful acct.

Related Questions

1. Whistleblowing in the private employment sector in the United States typically is

Not protected by a uniform federal law

Protected under some state whistleblower protection statutes

Usually protected by the law if the disclosure is made to the media since the disclosure will be widespread and thus do the most good

Never required morally pursuant to Kantian ethics since the consequences for the whistleblowing employees usually are harsh, for example, loss of employment.

2. Advocate Antonio believes that corporations should not only be held accountable for their financial states, but also for some level of charitable and community and civic involvement. Antonio's beliefs would most likely be defined as:

A code of ethics

A social responsibility view

A corporate moral audit

A distributive justice legal theory.

3. What did Kant mean by the "Categorical" part to his Categorical Imperative?

You must act legally, period, because the "law is the law."

You and your company must act in a socially responsible manner if you and your company want to be placed in the "good corporate citizen" category.

You must act morally if the consequences are definitely good for you and your firm.

You must act morally based on what your reason informs you is the supreme ethical principle and the correct moral course of action regardless of consequences.

4. As to why a company should be a socially responsible one and get involved in civic and charitable affairs, Socrates would likely argue:

Justice is the will of the stronger.

Money comes from virtue.

Ignorance of the law is no excuse.

Virtue comes from money.

5. Happy Feet manufactures shoes in Country Y for sale in the United States. Happy Feet's president discovers that the Country Y workers' average age is sixteen and that they work on average of 13.2 hours per day in a 90 degree warehouse with insufficient safety precautions, all of which practices are legal in Country Y. The president of Happy Feet decides to improve the working hours and conditions of the company's workforce, even though these actions will be more expensive for the company. The president's decision is best described as

Lawful profit maximization

Moral profit-making

Illegal since the shareholders of Happy Feet might be harmed

Social Darwinism.

6. Which of the following statements is most accurate?

Morals are legal minimums.

Morals are legal maximums.

Laws are moral minimums.

Laws are moral maximums.

7. International Sales Corporation, like other business, has enforceable duties prescribed by

Ethics and the law

Ethics only

Neither ethics nor the law

The law only

8. Which is an accurate statement about the modern business corporation|

The corporation, once approved by the state and given a corporate charter, is a legal actor and artificial "person" endowed with legal and certain constitutional rights.

According to the traditional, conservative, Milton Friedman, organizational view of the corporation, it is only a legal actor and has no moral or social responsibility and just must obey the law and pay taxes.

A true corporate code of ethics today must have some provisions that go "above and beyond" the law; that is, an ethics code cannot be a mere "restatement" of the law.

All of the above.

9. A problem with the Last Resort principle when applied to business is:

Does business have the capability to help and to aid the community and local charities?

Is business the last real alternative to help and to aid the community and local charities?:

Are there potential legal liability issues for helping, aiding, and rescuing?

All of the above.

10. A spray paint company discovers that its products are being misused by children and young people, who get "high" sniffing the fumes. There are no warning labels on the spray paint cans. The company would be best deemed to have what type(s) of obligation and duty to take steps to protect children and young people?

An ethical obligation but not a legal duty

A legal obligation but not an ethical obligation

Both an ethical obligation and a legal duty

Neither an ethical obligation nor a legal duty.

fuchsiagrasshopper869

Question 1

Public finance

		is not like public economics
		is about the taxing and spending activities of government.
		only works for local and state governments.
		is all of the above.

5 points

Question 2

The organic view of government refers to:

		individuals and their goals are less important than the state.
		individuals and their wants are more important than the state.
		individuals and state are equally important.
		ethical considerations are most important.

5 points

Question 3

The mechanic view of government refers to:

		individuals and their goals are less important than the state.
		individuals and their wants are more important than the state.
		individuals and state are equally important.
		ethical considerations are most important.

5 points

Question 4

State and local governments receive the largest amount of revenue from

		sales taxes
		property taxes.
		payroll taxes.
		personal income taxes.

5 points

Question 5

Education is

		generally financed at the state and local level.
		too expensive for the federal government.
		generally financed at the federal level.
		financed on a voluntary basis.

5 points

Question 6

The unified budget is

		a budget that includes all nations.
		a document which itemizes all the federal governmentâs expenditures and revenues.
		a document that accounts for all spending by states.
		none of the above

5 points

Question 7

The federal government gets most of its revenue from

		sales taxes.
		payroll taxes.
		property taxes.
		personal income taxes.

5 points

Question 8

The substitution effect

		is when individuals consume more of one good and less of another.
		is associated with changes in relative prices.
		will have no effect if goods are unrelated.
		is all of the above.

5 points

Question 9

The slope of a regression line is calculated by dividing

		the intercept by the change in horizontal distance.
		the change in horizontal distance by the change in vertical distance.
		the change in horizontal distance by the intercept term.
		the change in vertical distance by the change in horizontal distance.

5 points

Question 10

The function Y = f(X,Z) means

		X multiplied by Y equals f.
		X + Y = Z
		Y is a function of both X and Z.
		none of the above.

violetwhale394

P. 4-2 For each of the following indicate the amount of revenuethat Beanville should recognize in its 2017 (1) government-widestatements and (2) governmental fund statements. Provide a briefjustification or explanation for your responses. The state in whichBeanville is located collects sales taxes for its cities and otherlocal governments. The state permits small merchants to remit salestaxes quarterly. The state sales tax rate is 6 percent. In December2016, city merchants collected $50 million in sales taxes that theyremitted to the state on January 15, 2017. The state, in turn,transferred the taxes to the city on February 15, 2017. In December2016, the federal government awarded Beanville a reimbursementgrant of $500,000 to train law-enforcement agents. The city hadapplied for the grant in January of that year. The city may incurallowable costs any time after receiving notification of the award.In 2017, the city incurred $400,000 in allowable costs and wasreimbursed for $350,000. It was reimbursed for the $50,000 balancein February 2018. In January and February 2018, it incurred theremaining $100,000 in allowable costs and was reimbursed for themin April 2018. In December 2016 the city levied property taxes of$1 billion for the calendar year 2017. The taxes are due June 30,2017. The city collected these taxes as follows: December 2016 $ 56million January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2016 $ 858 million January1, 2017, through March 31, 2017 ($18 million per month) $ 54million Total $ 968 million It estimates the balance of $32 millionwould be uncollectible. In addition, in the period from January 1through February 28, 2017, the city collected $16 million in taxesthat were delinquent as of December 31, 2016. In the period March 1through June 30 2017, the city collected $8 million of taxes thatwere also delinquent as of December 31, 2016. In December 2017Beanville sold a city-owned warehouse to a private developer. Salesprice was $4.2 million. The warehouse had cost $4 million when itwas acquired 10 years earlier. It had an estimated useful life of40 years (with no salvage value). In December 2017, Beanville'scity-owned radio station held its annual fund drive. A localbusiness offered to match all pledges made on December 2, 2017, upto $50,000, assuming that the amount pledged was actuallycollected. Based on past experience the city estimates that 90percent of the pledges will actually be collected. By year-end2017, the city had collected $25,000 of the pledges, and in Januaryand February it collected an additional $15,000. It received$25,000 of the matching funds on February 15, 2018. Respond withrespect only to the $50,000 in matching funds.

graywallaby642

LE 101 Lecture 3: LE101 - Chapter 3: Classification of the Law

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