11:067:450 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Extracellular Fluid, Dna-Binding Domain, Integrin
4 Apr 2016
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Document Summary
Peptide hormones almost exclusively have receptors on the cell membrane. Hormones are all ligands, and they interact with their specific receptors. You"ll only see a response in the target cell that has a specific receptor for a specific hormone. Hormones themselves might be proteins or steroids or amino acid derivatives. Diagram: depending on the ligand (hormone) that binds to the ligand binding domain, the hormonal response is different. The specificity lies in the transducing domain (in the diagram, the last two should be response 2 and then response 1). Usually, a conformational change occurs in the receptor that causes it to activate other intracellular signal molecules that alter certain target proteins which create a response. Whatever signal molecule at the top of the cascade is called the first messenger. The second messenger is the intracellular signal molecules. One or more intracellular signal molecules can be activated by the receptor. Receptors are located inside the cell or on the cell membrane.
