01:119:116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Cell Nucleus, Proximal Tubule, Nephron

• School: Rutgers University
• Department: Biological Science
• Course: 01:119:116
• Professor: Dr.Christy Beal

Document Summary

Lecture 22 - respiration and excretion: respiration, review and introduction. Movement of o2 into cells and co2 out of cells. < 1 mm thick - no special transport systems. Lots of blood vessels: comparison of respiratory systems. Extend out of body surfaces & in contact with circulatory system. Operculum - pumps water over gills (fish flaps fins to push water in) Gills in bony fish & counter current exchange. Maximizes o2 removal from water - diffusion. Two types on land: tracheal system in insects, lungs. Trachea tracheoles gas exchange with cell. O2 and co2 is delivered specifically to each cell. System of tubes transfer o2 into cells and co2 out of cells. Lungs are not in contact with other parts of body! Nasal cavity - warms air & moistens. Pharynx branches into: esophagus digestive system, larynx. Divides into 2 bronchi (bronchus - singular) More than 100m2 of surface area! (50x that of skin)