01:447:390 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Mycobacterium, Rifamycin, World War I
14 Sep 2018
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Study questions: chemotherapeutic agent chemical used in medicine, aka drug. Aspirin mild pain, fever, heart attack. Antimicrobial agent type of chemotherapeutic agent that specifically treats diseases caused by microbes. Paul ehrlich researched dyes which selectively stained different types of cells. Different chemical structures = different staining properties. Hypothesized: specific attraction between a dye and certain parts of a cells: magic bullets develop drugs that are specific to disease cells. Nobel prize 1908 research on binding of antibodies and antigens. Discovered penicillin from penicillium notatum spore that landed on an exposed petri dish what was inoculated with staphylococci: fungus grew rapidly on plate produced penicillin, fleming saw the bacteria surrounding the penicillium colonies were destroyed. Injected penicillin into mice infected with streptococci and staphylococci mice survive. Discovered many antibiotics like streptomycin and neomycin. 2: narrow spectrum drugs limited variety of pathogens. Example: polymixins (only gram -: isoniazid (only mycobacteria) Broad spectrum drugs attack many different kinds of pathogens.
