11:709:255 Lecture Notes - Lecture 32: Conjugate Acid, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Amine
17 Feb 2020
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Arterial blood ph: 7. 35-7. 45 three regulators of acid-base balance: chemical buffers (cellular level, respiratory system (respiratory component, kidneys (metabolic component) Buffer: anything that can reversibly bind protons: acids = donate; bases = accept, consist of weak acid (ha) and it"s conjugate base (a-) Act immediately to protect tissue/cells instantly combine with offending a/b, neutralizing its harmful effects, until other regulating systems can take over the body"s most efficient ph balancing weapon. Body"s second line of defense: within minutes of ph change but only temporary restoration of normal ph. Can maintain acid-base balance twice as effectively as chemical buffers because it can handle twice the amount of acids/bases. Acts as a buffer to regulate the excretion of acids, or their retention: h2o + co2 = h2co3 (carbonic acid, increased h2co3 = decrease ph. Can restore normal h concentration within hours or days (long-term regulatory system) Works by excreting or conserving acids or bases as needed (h+, bicarbonate, ammonia)
