ENS 304 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Growth Hormone, Dehydroepiandrosterone, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
19 Feb 2020
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ENS 304 HOMEOSTATIC CONTROL - HORMONAL EFFECTS
Other Proposed Stress Responses (Hormonally Driven)
● “Tend-and-Befriend” - regulated by Oxytocin
○ Protection of offspring and making friends for defense
○ Increases courage, caregiving, & strengthens relationships
○ Plays a part in falling in love, experiencing orgasms, breastfeeding, and
contractions
■ Can contribute to jealousy and gloating
● “Excite-and-Delight” - regulated by Endorphins, Epi/Norepi, Testosterone, Dopamine
○ Body prepares for physiological response
○ Activates brain, dilates pupils, listening acuity
○ Helps explain superhuman feats of strength
■ Increases confidence and motivates action
Cannon’s Proposed Theory for Stress Recovery
● Different ratios of stress hormones witnessed helps with recovery and learning
experience
○ Oxytocin and Cortisol reduce inflammation and restore homeostasis
○ DHEA and BDNF stimulate brain neuroplasticity to learn from event
○ Stress Inoculation: Cool down time after high emotions allow individuals to reflect
and extract takeaways & learn for future stressful events
● Increased Levels (Mobilizing Hormones)
○ Epinephrine/Norepinephrine
○ Glucocorticoids (Cortisol)
○ Glucagon
○ Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH)
● Decreased Levels
○ Human Growth Hormone (HGH)
○ Insulin
○ Testosterone
○ Estrogen & Progesterone
○ Ghrelin
Hormonal Response to SNS Activation
● GLUT4 or Insulin-Mediated Glucose Uptake (IMGU) moves nutrients into cells under
PNS dominance
● Non Insulin Mediated Glucose Uptake (NIMGU) into non-insulin sensitive tissues (brain,
nerve, blood cells) and insulin-sensitive tissues cells during exercise (muscles, liver)
● During stress (ex: exercise), muscles and liver rely on NIMGU pathway which
accelerates glucose uptake
Stimulated Hormones
Document Summary
Protection of offspring and making friends for defense. Plays a part in falling in love, experiencing orgasms, breastfeeding, and. Excite-and-delight - regulated by endorphins, epi/norepi, testosterone, dopamine. Different ratios of stress hormones witnessed helps with recovery and learning experience. Oxytocin and cortisol reduce inflammation and restore homeostasis. Dhea and bdnf stimulate brain neuroplasticity to learn from event. Stress inoculation: cool down time after high emotions allow individuals to reflect and extract takeaways & learn for future stressful events. Glut4 or insulin-mediated glucose uptake (imgu) moves nutrients into cells under. Non insulin mediated glucose uptake (nimgu) into non-insulin sensitive tissues (brain, nerve, blood cells) and insulin-sensitive tissues cells during exercise (muscles, liver) During stress (ex: exercise), muscles and liver rely on nimgu pathway which accelerates glucose uptake. Nimgu pathway exceeds imgu, decreasing blood glucose levels. Body relies on liver glucose production during prolonged exercise and exogenous glucose from food and drink. Goal is to keep constant level of blood glucose.
