VTPB 405 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Wild Type, Phenotype, Peptide
27 Nov 2018
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Document Summary
Mutations and mutants: mutation, heritable change in dna sequence that can lead to a change in phenotype (observable properties of an organism, wild-type strain, mutant, typically refers to strain isolated from nature. + capital letter) for a gene: mutations are designated with numbers referring to order of isolation, phenotype is designated by capital letter + two lowercase letters and +/ to indicate presence/absence. Molecular basis of mutation: spontaneous mutations, those that occur without external intervention, most result from occasional errors by dna polymerase during replication. Insertion/deletion of three base pairs adds/deletes an amino acid, which usually is not as bad: scrambles entire polypeptide sequence downstream. Insertions/deletions can result in gain/loss of hundreds to thousands of base pairs: often result in complete loss of gene function, may arise from errors during genetic recombination, large insertions may be due to transposable elements.
