BIOL 2001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Transfer Rna, Thymine

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21 Feb 2018

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Dna always stays in the nucleus, yet the actual process of protein synthesis occurs in the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Instructions coding for a specific protein from the dna are transferred to the ribosomes in the form of rna, a small molecule that can leave the nucleus. It contains all of the instructions a cell needs to sustain itself. These instructions are found within genes, which are sections of dna made up of specific sequences of nucleotides. In order to be implemented, the instructions contained within genes must be expressed, or copied into a form that can be used by cells to produce the proteins needed to support life. The instructions stored within dna are read and processed by a cell in 2 steps: transcription and translation. The dna found inside the nuclei of cells contains the instructions for assembling a living organism. The dna blueprint carries its instructions in the form of genes.

Related Questions

1. DNA, or the instructions for making proteins, is found within the _____ of the cell; while protein synthesis machinery is found in the _____ of the cell.

nucleus; cytoplasm

nucleolus; nucleus

cytoplasm;nucleus

nucleus; plasma membrane

2.During transcription, double stranded DNA is transcribed into a complementary molecule of

single-stranded DNA.

double-stranded DNA.

single-stranded mRNA.

single-stranded tRNA.

15. Place the following steps in the order in which they occur during gene expression.

mRNA is carried to ribosomes in the cytoplasm, DNA is transcribed into mRNA in the nucleus, mRNA is translated into polypeptides by tRNA

mRNA is carried to ribosomes in the cytoplasm, mRNA is translated into polypeptides by tRNA, DNA is transcribed into mRNA in the nucleus

DNA is transcribed into mRNA in the nucleus, mRNA is translated into polypeptides by tRNA, mRNA is carried to ribosomes in the cytoplasm

DNA is transcribed into mRNA in the nucleus, mRNA is carried to ribosomes in the cytoplasm, mRNA is translated into polypeptides by tRNA

Negatively charged particles are found where in an atom?

Question 2 options:

In the nucleus

In a single layer outside the nucleus

In multiple layers outside the nucleus

Both inside and outside the nucleus

You have a solution that has a pH of 8 and need it to be pH 5.What do you do?

Question 4 options:

	Add water
	Add a base
	Add an acid
	Add a buffer

What characteristic of carbon makes it a good backbone forcreating diverse and durable molecules?

Question 5 options:

	Carbon is a large atom.
	Carbon forms four covalent bonds.
	Carbon forms hydrogen bonds.
	All of the above

Which of the following structures can be found together ineukaryotic cells?

Question 6 options:

	cytoplasm and ribosomes
	cytoplasm and plasma membrane
	DNA and ribosomes
	ribosomes and endoplasmic reticulum

aquamarinesnake471

1.Which of the following scenarios correctly describe a major role of plasma membrane proteins?(SELECT ANY TRUE STATEMENTS.)

A protein that helps store DNA in the nucleus

A protein traveling in the bloodstream to act as a hormone

A protein that helps transports water soluble molecules through the cell membrane

A protein that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide (gases) though the cell membrane

2.A couple decides to have a baby. The woman elects to have an amniocentesis performed. The genetic counselor determines the baby has two copies of the Sickle cell gene and will therefore suffer from Sickle Cell Anemia. What is a gene?

A strand of RNA that codes for a particular polypeptide sequence

A noncoding segment of DNA

A three-base triplet that specifies a specific amino acid

A segment of DNA that carries the instructions for one polypeptide chain

3. You decide to eat raw chicken. A white blood cell (macrophage) phagocytizes a bacterium (e.g. Salmonella) in your body, saving your life for a short period of time. Once the bacterium is taken into the white blood cell, what organelle digests the solid material?

Rough Endoplasmic reticulum

Nucleus

Golgi apparatus

Nucleolus

Peroxisome

Ribosome

Lysosome

4. A mature brain cell (neuron) is metabolically active and functional. It is likely in:

Anaphase

Telophase

Metaphase

Interphase

Prophase

Cytokinesis

BIOL 2001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Transfer Rna, Thymine

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