HY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 31: Geoffrey Chaucer, Oil Painting, Compass
30 May 2018
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I.The Pursuit of Holiness in Late Medieval Piety
. Salvation was open to all Christians
A. Sacrament, ritual, and sermon
1. A network of local parish churches
2. Sacraments granted the grace and power of God to the believer
. Without baptism, salvation was impossible
a. Transubstantiation: the body and blood of Christ
b. Confession of sins guaranteed forgiveness
c. Marriage
d. Ordination
e. Extreme unction ("last rites")
3. Penance
. Pilgrimages as a form of penance
a. Crusading as "extreme pilgrimage"
b. Good works
4. Prayers to holy figures
. Saints and the Virgin Mary
a. Relics
B. Religion and the social order
1. The Church stood at the center of daily life
2. Medieval piety
. Mystical union with God through spiritual exercise
a. Master Eckhart (c. 1260-1327)
i.German Dominican
ii.Taught and wrote in Latin and German
iii.The divine "spark"
iv.Divinity lay within
b. Thomas à Kempis
.The Imitation of Christ (c. 1427)
i.Divine presence during the conduct of daily life
ii.The importance of the Mass
iii.Stressed inward rather than outward piety
iv.Stressed leading simple, moral lives
C. Lollards and Hussites
1. John Wycliffe (c. 1330-1384)
. Oxford theologian
a. Sacraments of a corrupt church save no one
b. Lollards presented themselves as the only true church
c. Dismissed the sacraments as fraudulent attempts to get money
d. English translation of the Bible
2. Jan Hus (c. 1373-1415)
. Emphasized the centrality of the Eucharist
a. Utraquism—the laity to receive consecrated bread and wine at Mass
b. Popular support in Bohemia
c. Tried to defend his views at the Council of Constance
d. Burned at the stake as a heretic (1415)
e. Taborites—radical Hussites
3. Lollardy and Hussitism began in universities and spread to the countryside
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Document Summary
I. the pursuit of holiness in late medieval piety. Sacrament, ritual, and sermon: a network of local parish churches, sacraments granted the grace and power of god to the believer. Religion and the social order: the church stood at the center of daily life, medieval piety. Master eckhart (c. 1260-1327) i. german dominican ii. taught and wrote in latin and german iii. the divine spark iv. divinity lay within. the imitation of christ (c. 1427) i. divine presence during the conduct of daily life ii. the importance of the mass iii. stressed inward rather than outward piety iv. stressed leading simple, moral lives. Sacraments of a corrupt church save no one. Lollards presented themselves as the only true church. Dismissed the sacraments as fraudulent attempts to get money. English translation of the bible: jan hus (c. 1373-1415) Utraquism the laity to receive consecrated bread and wine at mass. Tried to defend his views at the council of constance. Burned at the stake as a heretic (1415)
