PSY 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Representativeness Heuristic, Confirmation Bias, Statistical Hypothesis Testing
7 Apr 2016
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Schemas: patterns of thought that we use to organize knowledge about the world. Librarian/ waitress study: labeled, watched, then asked what drink, when she was labeled as a waitress she was remembered drinking a beer, when she was labeled as a librarian people didn"t know what she was drinking. In extrovert they asked why do you like being around people: ex. In introverts they asked what are some good things about being alone: answered how the experimenter wanted them to answer, use mental shortcuts that lead to errors (heuristics ) Tendency to make judgments based on how similar something is to a typical prototype: base-rate fallacy- ignore base rates, pay attention to more vivid things, judging category membership. Availability heuristic: if it easily comes to mind it must be a common occurrence, how common something is, we misperceive causation, correlation and personal control. Misperception of causation: positive correlation between # of churches and # of bars.
