BSCI 202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Haldane Effect, Blood Donation, Carbamino

• School: University of Maryland
• Department: Biological Sciences Program
• Course: BSCI 202
• Professor: Obrien

Document Summary

Asthma is caused by spastic contractions of bronchiolar smooth muscle. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) often associated with smoking. Alveoli enlarged as adjacent chambers break through. Patients require large amount of energy to exhale. Over inflation of lungs per(cid:373)a(cid:374)e(cid:374)tl(cid:455) e(cid:454)pa(cid:374)ded (cid:862)(cid:271)arrel (cid:272)hest(cid:863) Cyanosis appears late in disease, sufferers (cid:272)alled (cid:862)pi(cid:374)k puffers(cid:863) Mucosa of lower respiratory passages become severely inflamed. Pooled mucus impairs ventilation a(cid:374)d gas e(cid:454)(cid:272)ha(cid:374)ge, (cid:272)alled (cid:862)(cid:271)lue (cid:271)loaters(cid:863) Risk of lung infection increases, pneumonia is common. Major causes of death and disability in usa. Main features: patients almost always have a history of smoking, labored breathing (dyspnea) becomes progressively more severe, coughing and frequent pulmonary infections are common, most victims are hypoxic, retain co2, have respiratory acidosis. 1/3 of all cancer deaths in usa. Increased incidence associated with smoking: squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, small cell carcinoma. Gases diffuse down pressure gradients, high pressure low pressure. A particular gas diffuses down its own partial pressure gradient, pressure of other gases.