PSYC 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Pygmalion Effect, Operationalization, Internal Validity
28 Feb 2016
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Document Summary
If education is negatively correlated with happiness, that would mean: Less educated people tend to be happier not getting more educated causes people to be less happy. Correlation and causation: cant assume that because it is correlated, it causes it- it doesn"t, causations are all correlated, but not all correlations are causations. Operationalization- taking a nebulous concept and finding concrete version. To show a causal relationship, you have to experiment. In the experiment, you have to manipulate and measure. Correlational study- you measure one thing, and then measure another thing: they predict, but they don"t cause. Between subjects- randomly assign to either control and experiment conditions. Within subjects- assigns both control and experiments group. Placebo effect: someone believes something to be true even thought it does not actually happen. Demand characteristic: participant knows the potential outcome, so he might change behavior based o hypothesis. Rosenthal effect: researcher has hypothesis and might change something in order to fulfill hus hypothesis.
