BIL 160 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: African Trypanosomiasis, Lynn Margulis, Symbiogenesis

• School: University of Miami
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIL 160
• Professor: James Van Dyken

Document Summary

All eukaryotes that are not plants, animals or fungi = protist: super diverse. Protists are not a monophyletic group, paraphyletic groups. Nucleus first and then cell takes up parasite that was mitochondria and then eventually took up cyanobacteria that became chloroplast: hydrogen hypothesis. Ancient methanogen and bacteria formed obligate mutualism. Bacteria required glucose, released h2 and co2. Methanogen requires h2 and co2 and makes glucose. Mitochondria that have lost ability to use o2. Prokaryotes respire across cell membrane (atp made on cell surface: creates lots of constraints. Need to be small cause diffusion limited by atp made on membrane. No phagocytosis so must use exoenzymes to pre-digest large molecules. With mitochondria however cells can get bigger since all over the cell releasing atp and now can use membrane to engulf things and become predators: eukaryotes went through evolution with lots of genetic and ecological changes.