PSIO 303A Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Protein Kinase B, Glycogen Phosphorylase, Glucose Tolerance Test
25 Sep 2016
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Lecture 10 - regulation of hepatic glucose production (hgp) by insulin and glucagon. Major learning objectives on regulation of hepatic glucose production (hgp) by insulin and glucagon: Describe the basic mechanisms for the action of insulin to stimulate glycogen synthesis and to inhibit glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis in the liver --> suppressing hgp. Describe the basic mechanisms for the action of glucagon to inhibit glycogen synthesis and to stimulate glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis in the liver --> enhancing hgp. Defend the significance of the glucagon: insulin ratio as a key regulator of hgp. Hgp is a function of the rates of glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis), gluconeogenesis, and the rate of glycogen synthesis (glycogenolysis). These processes are regulated by insulin and glucagon. The liver typically carries out this regulation alone. Hepatocytes (purple blob in the figure below, provided by dr. price) has a 3rd surface in addition to the apical and basal surface.
