NUR 416 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Passive Immunity, Antigen, Fetus
5 Feb 2020
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Active immunity: antibodies are actively formed against a disease, the result of either having the disease or receiving antigen via vaccine. Passive immunity: temporary immunity obtained by the transfer of immunoglobulins or antitoxins. Hep b immunoglobulin given at birth to baby if mother is positive: natural passive immunity. Mother to fetus: acquired passive immunity. Antigen: foreign substance that stimulates the formation of antibodies, bacteria, viruses, toxins, proteins. Antibody: protein formed in response to exposure to specific antigen. Can be transferred from mother to fetus. Tdap given in pregnancy provides some immunity to baby after birth as a bridge until baby can begin vaccination series: so baby is protected from pertussis during first months of life. Hepatitis b immunoglobulin is given to infants born to mothers who are positive for hepatitis b. Homologous pooled human antibody (immune globulin: ivig. All pooled antibodies, not specific: vzig, hbig. Derived for a single type, or clone, of antibody producing cells (b cells)
