BCS 153 Lecture 15:
10 Apr 2019
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Document Summary
They are crucial to categorization, inference, memory, learning, and decision-making . All members within category share a set of features . binary distinction (either belongs or does not belong to the category). All category members are of the same status, clear-cut category boundary. Object in the higher level of hierarchy contains all the features from everything below. Name a breed of dog that first comes to your mind. Categorized faster and more accurately than non-prototypes. Learned before other exemplars in the category. Based on the weight of certain critical properties (sum of weight, categorization determined by similarity threshold. Typicality effect: the one with the characteristic feature has highest similarity threshold. Categorization based on similarity between exemplar and category. Category is difficult to define . not clear-cut boundary. Exemplars can correlate with each other within a category. Physical state of object (solid vs. liquid) Components of a concept (miller and johnson-laird): Core: key defining properties (like for grandma: female, has grandchildren)
