NEM 10V Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Clarence Darrow, Nematology, Comparative Anatomy
Nematology
Evolution:
• The theory of evolution does not tell us how life began on earth. Evolution is change in
the heritable traits within a population that occurs across generations. DNA contains
coded information.
• When DNA is being copied errors (called mutations) can occur which modify the DNA
code. Small changes can add up over multiple generations to create dramatic changes.
• For example, through selective breeding guided by humans, dogs evolved from wolves.
Evidence from many different fields such as genetics, chemistry, paleontology, and
mathematics suggest all living things share a common ancestor.
• Natural Selection is the process by which random evolutionary changes are selected for
by nature in a consistent, orderly, non-random way. Through the process of descent with
modification, new traits are randomly produced.
• Positive changes add up over multiple generations.
• Common Descent is the idea that all living things on earth are related and descended
from a common ancestor.
• Common Descent is a conclusion based on a collection of observable facts from the study
of fossils, genetics, comparative anatomy, mathematics, biochemistry, and species
distribution.
• Charles Darwin who lived from 1809 to 1882 was a naturalist who traveled the world by
ship collecting and documenting plants and animals.
• From his observations of animals such as tortoises and finches on the Galapagos Islands
he developed the concept of natural selection that he published on in 1859. Natural
selection changes the frequency of traits in a population.
• If a population undergoes natural selection, it can lead to the evolution of the species.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Evolution: the theory of evolution does not tell us how life began on earth. Evolution is change in the heritable traits within a population that occurs across generations. Dna contains coded information: when dna is being copied errors (called mutations) can occur which modify the dna code. Small changes can add up over multiple generations to create dramatic changes: for example, through selective breeding guided by humans, dogs evolved from wolves. Through the process of descent with modification, new traits are randomly produced. Natural selection changes the frequency of traits in a population. If a population undergoes natural selection, it can lead to the evolution of the species: tennessee"s butler act made it unlawful to teach human evolution in a state-funded school. In 1925, high school teacher john scopes was accused of violating the law and was prosecuted in what is commonly referred to as the scopes monkey trial.
